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One of the goals of gravitational-wave astronomy is to quantify the evolution of the compact binary merger rate with redshift. The redshift distribution of black hole mergers would offer considerable information about their evolutionary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-24 Thomas Callister , Maya Fishbach , Daniel Holz , Will Farr

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are nowadays believed to reside in most local galaxies, and the available data show an empirical correlation between bulge luminosity - or stellar velocity dispersion - and black hole mass, suggesting a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Marta Volonteri

Recently discovered bursts of gravitational waves provide a good opportunity to verify the current view on the evolution of close binary stars. Modern population synthesis computer programs help to study this evolution from two main…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-07 A. I. Bogomazov , V. M. Lipunov , A. V. Tutukov , A. M. Cherepashchuk

The mass ratio of merging binary black holes (BBHs) carries information about their formation history, yet has received less attention than masses, spins and eccentricities as a channel discriminator. We derive a strongly parametrized…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-25 Jaxen Godfrey , Lieke van Son , Ben Farr

We performed Population III (Pop III) binary evolution by using population synthesis simulations for seven different models. We found that Pop III binaries tend to be binary black holes (BBHs) with chirp mass $M_{\rm chirp} \sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-30 Tomoya Kinugawa , Takashi Nakamura , Hiroyuki Nakano

Some analyses of the third gravitational wave catalogue released by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (LVK) suggest an excess of black holes around $15-20 M_{\odot}$. In order to investigate this feature, we introduce two flexible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-02 Alexandre Toubiana , Michael L. Katz , Jonathan R. Gair

We present the population properties of merging compact binaries inferred using 267 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 5.0. As this data set contains no new sources with a neutron star, we primarily focus on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration , the KAGRA Collaboration

We reanalyse the LIGO-Virgo strain data of the 10 binary black hole mergers reported to date and compute the likelihood function in terms of chirp mass, mass ratio and effective spin. We discuss the strong degeneracy between mass ratio and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-23 Javier Roulet , Matias Zaldarriaga

Studying how the black hole (BH) - (galaxy) bulge mass relation evolves with redshift provides valuable insights into the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. However, obtaining accurate measurement of BH masses…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-13 Musfar Muhamed Kozhikkal , Siyuan Chen , Gilles Theureau , Melanie Habouzit , Alberto Sesana

After the third LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA observing run, the number of detected binary black hole (BBH) mergers became sufficient to identify statistical features of the population. We explore how different prescriptions for the final fate of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-22 Cristiano Ugolini

The ongoing observations from ground based gravitational-wave observatories have led to the detection of more than a hundred merger events between black holes. We use the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) observations from 2015 to early 2024, to test…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Mehdi El Bouhaddouti , Ilias Cholis , Muhsin Aljaf

We explore the growth of super-massive black holes and host galaxy bulges in the galaxy population using the Millennium Run LCDM simulation coupled with a model of galaxy formation. We find that, if galaxy mergers are the primary drivers…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Darren J Croton

The spin-orbit tilt angles $\theta_{1(2)}$ of merging stellar-mass black holes provide key insights into their astrophysical origin. Non-parametric population modelling of The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations (2025a, arXiv:2508.18083)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-01 Jakob Stegmann , Fabio Antonini , Aleksandra Olejak , Sylvia Biscoveanu , Vivien Raymond , Stefano Rinaldi , Elizabeth Flanagan

The detection of double black hole (BH+BH) mergers provides a unique possibility to understand their physical properties and origin. To date, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network of high-frequency gravitational wave observatories have announced the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Thomas M. Tauris

The rapidly expanding Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) necessitates the development of model-independent techniques to uncover trends and subpopulations within the binary black hole (BBH) population. We present the first usage of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-09 A. J. Amsellem , I. Magaña Hernandez , A. Palmese , J. Gassert

The masses, rates, and spins of merging stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) detected by aLIGO and Virgo provide challenges to traditional BBH formation and merger scenarios. An active galactic nucleus (AGN) disk provides a promising…

In dense stellar environments, the merger products of binary black hole mergers may undergo additional mergers. These hierarchical mergers are predicted to have higher masses than the first generation of black holes made from stars. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-16 Chase Kimball , Colm Talbot , Christopher P. L. Berry , Matthew Carney , Michael Zevin , Eric Thrane , Vicky Kalogera

Measurements of the binary black hole spin distribution from the growing catalog of gravitational-wave observations can help elucidate the astrophysical processes shaping the formation and evolution of these systems. Spin-orbit resonances…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-29 Sylvia Biscoveanu

Gravitational wave detectors are observing compact object mergers from increasingly far distances, revealing the redshift evolution of the binary black hole (BBH) -- and soon the black hole-neutron star (BHNS) and binary neutron star (BNS)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-06 Adam Boesky , Floor S. Broekgaarden , Edo Berger

The observed binary black hole (BBH) mergers indicate a large Galactic progenitor population continuously evolving from large orbital separations and low gravitational wave (GW) frequencies to the final merger phase. We investigate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-19 Xiao Fang , Todd A. Thompson , Christopher M. Hirata
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