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Multi-agent LLM systems usually collaborate by exchanging natural-language messages. This interface is simple and interpretable, but it forces each sender's intermediate computation to be serialized into tokens and then reprocessed by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Wenrui Bao , Huan Wang , Jian Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Kai Wang , Yuzhang Shang

Efficient inference with Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly relies on Key-Value (KV) caches to store previously computed key and value vectors at each layer. These caches are essential to minimize redundant computation during…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Oteo Mamo , Olga Kogiou , Hyunjin Yi , Weikuan Yu

The extreme requirements for high reliability and low latency in the upcoming Sixth Generation (6G) wireless networks are challenging the design of multi-hop wireless transport networks. Inspired by the advent of the virtualization concept…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Bin Han , Muxia Sun , Yao Zhu , Vincenzo Sciancalepore , Mohammad Asif Habibi , Yulin Hu , Anke Schmeink , Yan-Fu Li , Hans D. Schotten

As context windows in LLMs scale to 100K+ tokens, the key-value (KV) cache becomes the dominant memory bottleneck, with recent methods claiming 80-90% savings and minimal benchmark degradation. We argue these evaluations miss a structural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Samhruth Ananthanarayanan , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

The transition to open, distributed Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) promises scalable intelligence but introduces a non-trivial tension: maximizing global efficiency requires cooperative, resource-aware scheduling, yet autonomous agents may be…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Hongze Liu , Chang Guo , Yingzeng Li , Mengru Wang , Jiong Lou , Shijing Yuan , Hefeng Zhou , Chentao Wu , Jie LI

This paper addresses join wireless and computing resource allocation in mobile edge computing (MEC) systems with several access points and with the possibility that users connect to many access points, and utilize the computation capability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-29 M. Zeng

In this paper, with the aim of addressing the stringent computing and quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of recently introduced advanced multimedia services, we consider a cell-free massive MIMO-enabled mobile edge network. In…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Fitsum Debebe Tilahun , Ameha Tsegaye Abebe , Chung G. Kang

Traditional radio systems are strictly co-designed on the lower levels of the OSI stack for compatibility and efficiency. Although this has enabled the success of radio communications, it has also introduced lengthy standardization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-16 Colin de Vrieze , Shane Barratt , Daniel Tsai , Anant Sahai

Multi-agent systems (MAS) based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in collaborative problem-solving. However, they still face substantial challenges of low communication efficiency and suboptimal task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhexuan Wang , Yutong Wang , Xuebo Liu , Liang Ding , Miao Zhang , Jie Liu , Min Zhang

On-device AI agents offer the potential for personalized, low-latency assistance, but their deployment is fundamentally constrained by limited memory capacity, which restricts usable context. This reduced practical context window creates a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Sanidhya Vijayvargiya , Rahul Lokesh

When are multi-agent LLM systems merely a collection of individual agents versus an integrated collective with higher-order structure? We introduce an information-theoretic framework to test -- in a purely data-driven way -- whether…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Christoph Riedl

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional potential in complex reasoning,pioneering a new paradigm for autonomous agent decision making in dynamic settings. However, in Real-Time Strategy (RTS) scenarios, LLMs suffer from a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Li Ma , Hao Peng , Yiming Wang , Hongbin Luo , Jie Liu , Kongjing Gu , Guanlin Wu , Hui Lin , Lei Ren

In this paper, we propose a novel joint resource allocation and cooperative caching scheme for power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA)-based heterogeneous networks (HetNets). In our scheme, the requested content is fetched…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-23 Maryam Moghimi , Abolfazl Zakeri , Mohammad Reza Javan , Nader Mokari , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

The caching paradigm has been introduced to alleviate backhaul traffic load and to reduce latencies due to massive never ending increase in data traffic. To fully exploit the benefits offered by caching, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Emre Gures , Pavel Mach

In this paper, we propose a novel Adaptive Transmission Strategy to improve energy efficiency~(EE) in a wireless point-to-point transmission system with Quality of Service~(QoS) requirement, i.e., delay-outage probability considered. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Linlin Zou , Yanzhao Hou , Xiaofeng Tao , Qimei Cui , Xueqing Huang

One effective way to optimize the offloading process is by minimizing the transmission time. This is particularly true in a Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) where vehicles frequently download and upload High-definition (HD) map data which…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jeffrey Redondo , Zhenhui Yuan , Nauman Aslam , Juan Zhang

Reducing the key-value (KV) cache size is a crucial step toward enabling efficient inference in large language models (LLMs), especially under latency and memory constraints. While Multi-Head Attention (MHA) offers strong representational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zhengge Cai , Haowen Hou

Distributed optimization finds applications in large-scale machine learning, data processing and classification over multi-agent networks. In real-world scenarios, the communication network of agents may encounter latency that may affect…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Narahari Kasagatta Ramesh , Alireza Aghasi

Diffusion-based large language models (Diffusion LLMs) have shown promise for non-autoregressive text generation with parallel decoding capabilities. However, the practical inference speed of open-sourced Diffusion LLMs often lags behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Chengyue Wu , Hao Zhang , Shuchen Xue , Zhijian Liu , Shizhe Diao , Ligeng Zhu , Ping Luo , Song Han , Enze Xie

KV Cache is commonly used to accelerate LLM inference with long contexts, yet its high memory demand drives the need for cache compression. Existing compression methods, however, are largely heuristic and lack dynamic budget allocation. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yiqun Shen , Song Yuan , Zhengze Zhang , Xiaoliang Wang , Daxin Jiang , Nguyen Cam-Tu