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The rise of large language models (LLMs) is revolutionizing information retrieval, question answering, summarization, and code generation tasks. However, in addition to confidently presenting factually inaccurate information at times (known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Henry Gilbert , Michael Sandborn , Douglas C. Schmidt , Jesse Spencer-Smith , Jules White

While the language modeling objective has been shown to be deeply connected with compression, it is surprising that modern LLMs are not employed in practical text compression systems. In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Fazal Mittu , Yihuan Bu , Akshat Gupta , Ashok Devireddy , Alp Eren Ozdarendeli , Anant Singh , Gopala Anumanchipalli

LLM context is not just tokens; it is a set of commitments. Long-running conversations accumulate goals, constraints, decisions, preferences, tool results, retrieved evidence, artifacts, and safety boundaries that future responses must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Natalia Trukhina , Vadim Vashkelis

Data compression continues to evolve, with traditional information theory methods being widely used for compressing text, images, and videos. Recently, there has been growing interest in leveraging Generative AI for predictive compression…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Swathi Shree Narashiman , Nitin Chandrachoodan

Code generation under long contexts is becoming increasingly critical as Large Language Models (LLMs) are required to reason over extensive information in the codebase. While recent advances enable code LLMs to process long inputs, high API…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yuling Shi , Yichun Qian , Hongyu Zhang , Beijun Shen , Xiaodong Gu

Existing work on prompt compression for Large Language Models (LLM) focuses on lossy methods that try to maximize the retention of semantic information that is relevant to downstream tasks while significantly reducing the sequence length.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 John Harvill , Ziwei Fan , Hao Wang , Luke Huan , Anoop Deoras , Yizhou Sun , Hao Ding

The rapid growth of high-resolution scientific simulations and observation systems is generating massive spatiotemporal datasets, making efficient, error-bounded compression increasingly important. Meanwhile, decoder-only large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Guozhong Li , Muhannad Alhumaidi , Spiros Skiadopoulos , Panos Kalnis

Tokenization efficiency plays a critical role in the performance and cost of large language models (LLMs), yet most models rely on static tokenizers optimized on general-purpose corpora. These tokenizers' fixed vocabularies often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Saibo Geng , Nathan Ranchin , Yunzhen yao , Maxime Peyrard , Chris Wendler , Michael Gastpar , Robert West

Traditional lossless text compression preserves every byte, but its gains on natural language are often modest in realistic operating regimes. We study \emph{lossy semantic text compression}, where the encoder strategically deletes parts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuchun Zou , Junhong Tong , Jun Li

In-context learning has established itself as an important learning paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we demonstrate that LLMs can learn encoding keys in-context and perform analysis directly on encoded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Andresa Rodrigues de Campos , David Lee , Imry Kissos , Piyush Paritosh

This work introduces Llamazip, a novel lossless text compression algorithm based on the predictive capabilities of the LLaMA3 language model. Llamazip achieves significant data reduction by only storing tokens that the model fails to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Sören Dréano , Derek Molloy , Noel Murphy

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse tasks. However, their deployment in long-context scenarios faces high computational overhead and information redundancy. While soft prompt compression has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiwei Tang , Zhijing Huang , Xinyu Zhang , Chen Jason Zhang , Jianxing Yu , Libin Zheng , Rui Meng , Jian Yin

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) often impose limitations on the length of the text input to ensure the generation of fluent and relevant responses. This constraint restricts their applicability in scenarios involving long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Weizhi Fei , Xueyan Niu , Pingyi Zhou , Lu Hou , Bo Bai , Lei Deng , Wei Han

Context compression is an advanced technique that accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by converting long inputs into compact representations. Existing methods primarily rely on autoencoding tasks to train special compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Xin Liu , Runsong Zhao , Pengcheng Huang , Xinyu Liu , Junyi Xiao , Chunyang Xiao , Tong Xiao , Shengxiang Gao , Zhengtao Yu , Jingbo Zhu

We study semantic compression for text where meanings contained in the text are conveyed to a source decoder, e.g., for classification. The main motivator to move to such an approach of recovering the meaning without requiring exact…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Emrecan Kutay , Aylin Yener

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve near-optimal lossless compression by acting as powerful probability models. We investigate their use in the lossy domain, where reconstruction fidelity is traded for higher compression ratios. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Nnamdi Aghanya , Jun Li , Kewei Wang

Text representation plays a critical role in tasks like clustering, retrieval, and other downstream applications. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), there is increasing interest in harnessing their capabilities for this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yeqin Zhang , Yizheng Zhao , Chen Hu , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Ruihang Miao , Cam-Tu Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in language comprehension and generation; however, their widespread adoption is constrained by substantial bandwidth and computational demands. While pruning and low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zeliang Zong , Kai Zhang , Zheyang Li , Wenming Tan , Ye Ren , Yiyan Zhai , Jilin Hu

In this paper, we explore the idea of training large language models (LLMs) over highly compressed text. While standard subword tokenizers compress text by a small factor, neural text compressors can achieve much higher rates of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Brian Lester , Jaehoon Lee , Alex Alemi , Jeffrey Pennington , Adam Roberts , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Noah Constant
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