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We use Herbrand's theorem to give a new proof that Euclid's parallel axiom is not derivable from the other axioms of first-order Euclidean geometry. Previous proofs involve constructing models of non-Euclidean geometry. This proof uses a…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Michael Beeson , Pierre Boutry , Julien Narboux

This paper is devoted to the study of second order optimality conditions for strong local minimizers in the frameworks of unconstrained and constrained optimization problems in finite dimensions via subgradient graphical derivative. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-15 Nguyen Huy Chieu , Le Van Hien , Tran T. A. Nghia , Ha Anh Tuan

In this paper, we focus on the difference analogue of the Stothers-Mason theorem for entire functions of order less than 1, which can be seen as difference $abc$ theorem for entire functions. We also obtain the difference analogue of…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Rui-Chun Chen , Zhi-Tao Wen

In this study we extend the concepts of $m$-pluripotential theory to the Riemannian superspace formalism. Since in this setting positive supercurrents and tropical varieties are closely related, we try to understand the relative capacity…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Sibel Sahin

This paper deals with conservation laws for mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints. It uses a Lagrangian formulation of nonholonomic systems and a Cartan form approach. We present what we believe to be the most general relations…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-07-18 M. Crampin , T. Mestdag

We show that the counting of rational curves on a complete toric variety that are in general position to the toric prime divisors coincides with the counting of certain tropical curves. The proof is algebraic-geometric and relies on…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Takeo Nishinou , Bernd Siebert

In this series of papers, an analytical theory for the early stage (tropical storm stage) of hurricane development is proposed. In Part I, a linear theory and a nonlinear theory have been formulated. It was found in Part I that the linear…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chanh Q. Kieu

This paper deals with the quantitative Schmidt's subspace theorem and the general from of the second main theorem, which are two correspondence objects in Diophantine approximation theory and Nevanlinna theory. In this paper, we give a new…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Si Duc Quang

Any arrangement of hyperplanes in general position in $P^n$ can be regarded as a divisor with normal crossing. We study the bundles of logarithmic 1-forms corresponding to such divisors` from the point of view of classification of vector…

alg-geom · Mathematics 2008-02-03 I. Dolgachev , M. Kapranov

Some scales of spaces of ultra-differentiable functions are introduced, having good stability properties with respect to infinitely many derivatives and compositions. They are well-suited for solving non-linear functional equations by means…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-10-04 Abed Bounemoura , Jacques Féjoz

It follows from a general theorem of Bonk and Eremenko that closed plane curves which are contractible in the complement to the integral lattice satisfy a linear isoperimetric inequality. We give an alternative proof of this fact. Our…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Leonid Polterovich , Jean-Claude Sikorav

We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for real algebraic curves near the non-singular tropical limit to be hyperbolic with respect to a point, thus generalising Speyer's classification of stable curves near the tropical limit. In…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-10-01 Cédric Le Texier

We study the classical result by Bruijn and Erd\H os regarding the bound on the number of lines determined by a $n$-point configuration in the plane, and in the light of the recently proven Tropical Sylvester-Gallai theorem, come up with a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Ayush Kumar Tewari

We prove a common generalization to several mass partition results using hyperplane arrangements to split $\mathbb{R}^d$ into two sets. Our main result implies the ham-sandwich theorem, the necklace splitting theorem for two thieves, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Alfredo Hubard , Pablo Soberón

The Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem states that for $r \leq \frac{n}{2}$, the largest intersecting family of $r$-subsets of $[n]$ is given by fixing a common element in all subsets, which trivially ensures pairwise intersection. We investigate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Zaphenath Joseph

We implement new techniques involving Artin fans to study the realizability of tropical stable maps in superabundant combinatorial types. Our approach is to understand the skeleton of a fundamental object in logarithmic Gromov--Witten…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-27 Dhruv Ranganathan

A "tropical ideal" is an ideal in the idempotent semiring of tropical polynomials that is also, degree by degree, a tropical linear space. We introduce a construction based on transversal matroids that canonically extends any principal…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Alex Fink , Jeffrey Giansiracusa , Noah Giansiracusa , Joshua Mundinger

We present a new proof of Cramer's rule by interpreting a system of linear equations as a transformation of $n$-dimensional Cartesian-coordinate vectors. To find the solution, we carry out the inverse transformation by convolving the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-12-16 June-Haak Ee , Jungil Lee , Chaehyun Yu

In this manuscript, we consider a control system governed by a general ordinary differential equation on a Riemannian manifold, with its endpoints satisfying some inequalities and equalities, and its control constrained to a closed convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-06 Li Deng

We propose a new approach to the value distribution theory of entire holomorphic curves. We define a ``packing density'' of an entire holomorphic curve, and show that it has various non-trivial properties. We prove a ``gap theorem'' for…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Masaki Tsukamoto