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Performance monitoring of machine learning (ML)-based risk prediction models in healthcare is complicated by the issue of confounding medical interventions (CMI): when an algorithm predicts a patient to be at high risk for an adverse event,…

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major contributor to mortality among older adults, with geriatric patients facing disproportionately high risk due to age-related physiological vulnerability and comorbidities. Early and accurate prediction…

We present ICU-Sepsis, an environment that can be used in benchmarks for evaluating reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Sepsis management is a complex task that has been an important topic in applied RL research in recent years.…

Responding rapidly to a patient who is demonstrating signs of imminent clinical deterioration is a basic tenet of patient care. This gave rise to a patient safety intervention philosophy known as a Rapid Response System (RRS), whereby a…

As artificial intelligence systems move toward clinical deployment, ensuring reliable prediction behavior is fundamental for safety-critical decision-making tasks. One proposed safeguard is selective prediction, where models can defer…

Intensive care unit (ICU) is a crucial hospital department that handles life-threatening cases. Nowadays machine learning (ML) is being leveraged in healthcare ubiquitously. In recent years, management of ICU became one of the most…

Randomized controlled trials estimate average treatment effects, but treatment response heterogeneity motivates personalized approaches. A critical question is whether statistically detectable heterogeneity translates into improved…

Sepsis, characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, results in significant mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. The timely prediction of sepsis progression is crucial for reducing adverse outcomes through early…

This study proposes a risk prediction method based on a Multi-Scale Temporal Alignment Network (MSTAN) to address the challenges of temporal irregularity, sampling interval differences, and multi-scale dynamic dependencies in Electronic…

The proliferation of early diagnostic technologies, including self-monitoring systems and wearables, coupled with the application of these technologies on large segments of healthy populations may significantly aggravate the problem of…

Despite decades of clinical research, sepsis remains a global public health crisis with high mortality, and morbidity. Currently, when sepsis is detected and the underlying pathogen is identified, organ damage may have already progressed to…

Appropriate antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) requires assessment of ischemic stroke and bleeding risks. However, risk stratification schemas such as CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED have modest predictive capacity…

Controlling infectious diseases is a major health priority because they can spread and infect humans, thus evolving into epidemics or pandemics. Therefore, early detection of infectious diseases is a significant need, and many researchers…

Microbes are everywhere, including in and on our bodies, and have been shown to play key roles in a variety of prevalent human diseases. Consequently, there has been intense interest in the design of bacteriotherapies or "bugs as drugs,"…

To improve the performance of Intensive Care Units (ICUs), the field of bio-statistics has developed scores which try to predict the likelihood of negative outcomes. These help evaluate the effectiveness of treatments and clinical practice,…

After admission to emergency department (ED), patients with critical illnesses are transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) due to unexpected clinical deterioration occurrence. Identifying such unplanned ICU transfers is urgently needed for…

Alzheimer's Disease Analysis Model (ADAM) is a multi-agent reasoning large language model (LLM) framework designed to integrate and analyze multimodal data, including microbiome profiles, clinical datasets, and external knowledge bases, to…

Machine learning has been widely used in healthcare applications to approximate complex models, for clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. As deep learning has the outstanding ability to extract information from time series, its true…

Sepsis is an important cause of mortality, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Developing novel methods to identify early mortality is critical for improving survival outcomes in sepsis patients. Using the MIMIC-III database,…

Background: Invasive coronary arteriography (ICA) is recognized as the gold standard for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, including unstable angina (UA). The challenge lies in determining the optimal timing for ICA in UA patients,…