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The capability to follow a lead-vehicle and avoid rear-end collisions is one of the most important functionalities for human drivers and various Advanced Driver Assist Systems (ADAS). Existing safety performance justification of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Bowen Weng , Minghao Zhu , Keith Redmill

Evaluating and training autonomous driving systems require diverse and scalable corner cases. However, most existing scene generation methods lack controllability, accuracy, and versatility, resulting in unsatisfactory generation results.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Sheng Wang , Ge Sun , Fulong Ma , Tianshuai Hu , Qiang Qin , Yongkang Song , Lei Zhu , Junwei Liang

Many safety-critical applications, especially in autonomous driving, require reliable object detectors. They can be very effectively assisted by a method to search for and identify potential failures and systematic errors before these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Valentyn Boreiko , Matthias Hein , Jan Hendrik Metzen

The scenario-based testing of operational vehicle safety presents a set of principal other vehicle (POV) trajectories that seek to force the subject vehicle (SV) into a certain safety-critical situation. Current scenarios are mostly (i)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Linda Capito , Bowen Weng , Umit Ozguner , Keith Redmill

The growing deployment of decision-making agents in dynamic environments increases the demand for safety verification. While critical testing scenario generation has emerged as an appealing verification methodology, effectively balancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Qitong Chu , Yufeng Yue , Danya Yao , Huaxin Pei

Safety-critical traffic scenarios are integral to the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. These scenarios provide crucial insights into vehicle responses under high-risk conditions rarely encountered in real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jinxiong Lu , Shoaib Azam , Gokhan Alcan , Ville Kyrki

Safety is one of the most crucial challenges of autonomous driving vehicles, and one solution to guarantee safety is to employ an additional control revision module after the planning backbone. Control Barrier Function (CBF) has been widely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zehang Zhu , Yuning Wang , Tianqi Ke , Zeyu Han , Shaobing Xu , Qing Xu , John M. Dolan , Jianqiang Wang

Realistic and diverse traffic scenarios in large quantities are crucial for the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. However, owing to numerous difficulties in the data collection process and the reliance on intensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shuo Sun , Zekai Gu , Tianchen Sun , Jiawei Sun , Chengran Yuan , Yuhang Han , Dongen Li , Marcelo H. Ang

Controllable synthetic data generation can substantially lower the annotation cost of training data. Prior works use diffusion models to generate driving images conditioned on the 3D object layout. However, those models are trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yunsong Zhou , Michael Simon , Zhenghao Peng , Sicheng Mo , Hongzi Zhu , Minyi Guo , Bolei Zhou

The deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has faced hurdles due to the dominance of rare but critical corner cases within the long-tail distribution of driving scenarios, which negatively affects their overall performance. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Haoyi Niu , Qimao Chen , Yingyue Li , Yi Zhang , Jianming Hu

Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the development of autonomous systems that use deep neural networks for perception. Formal verification of these systems is challenging due to the size and complexity of the perception DNNs as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Christopher Watson , Rajeev Alur , Divya Gopinath , Ravi Mangal , Corina S. Pasareanu

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are prone to revolutionise the transportation industry. However, they must be thoroughly tested to avoid safety violations. Simulation testing plays a crucial role in finding safety violations of Automated Driving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Victor Crespo-Rodriguez , Neelofar , Aldeida Aleti

Provable safety is one of the most critical challenges in automated driving. The behavior of numerous traffic participants in a scene cannot be predicted reliably due to complex interdependencies and the indiscriminate behavior of humans.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Piotr Franciszek Orzechowski , Annika Meyer , Martin Lauer

The goal of traffic simulation is to augment a potentially limited amount of manually-driven miles that is available for testing and validation, with a much larger amount of simulated synthetic miles. The culmination of this vision would be…

Safety-critical scenarios are infrequent in natural driving environments but hold significant importance for the training and testing of autonomous driving systems. The prevailing approach involves generating safety-critical scenarios…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yuting Xie , Xianda Guo , Cong Wang , Kunhua Liu , Long Chen

Real-world autonomous driving, particularly in urban environments with numerous corner cases, requires rigorous testing to ensure product safety and robustness. However, few studies have explored integrating adversarial scenario generation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Chuancheng Zhang , Zhenhao Wang , Kaizheng Li , Yaran Lin , Qiang Guo , Bin Jiang

In the autonomous driving testing methods based on evolving scenarios, the construction method of the driver model, which determines the driving maneuvers of background vehicles (BVs) in the scenario, plays a critical role in generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xinzheng Wu , Junyi Chen , Shaolingfeng Ye , Wei Jiang , Yong Shen

Ensuring safety in autonomous driving systems remains a critical challenge, particularly in handling rare but potentially catastrophic safety-critical scenarios. While existing research has explored generating safety-critical scenarios for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Zihao Sheng , Zilin Huang , Yansong Qu , Yue Leng , Sruthi Bhavanam , Sikai Chen

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have demonstrated significant potential in revolutionizing transportation, yet ensuring their safety and reliability remains a critical challenge, especially when exposed to dynamic and unpredictable environments.…

Scenario-based testing is a key method for cost-effective and safe validation of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Existing approaches rely on imperative scenario definitions, requiring developers to manually enumerate numerous variants to achieve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ezio Bartocci , Alessio Gambi , Felix Gigler , Cristinel Mateis , Dejan Ničković