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Node injection attack on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is an emerging and practical attack scenario that the attacker injects malicious nodes rather than modifying original nodes or edges to affect the performance of GNNs. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Shuchang Tao , Qi Cao , Huawei Shen , Junjie Huang , Yunfan Wu , Xueqi Cheng

This paper elaborates on an extensive security framework specifically designed for energy management systems (EMSs), which effectively tackles the dynamic environment of cybersecurity vulnerabilities and/or system problems (SPs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Aydin Zaboli , Junho Hong , Alexandru Stefanov , Chen-Ching Liu , Chul-Sang Hwang

Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising framework for collaboratively training machine learning models across decentralized genomic datasets without direct data sharing. While this approach preserves data locality, it remains susceptible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Chetan Pathade , Shubham Patil

Deep Neural Network (DNN) models when implemented on executing devices as the inference engines are susceptible to Fault Injection Attacks (FIAs) that manipulate model parameters to disrupt inference execution with disastrous performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Chenan Wang , Pu Zhao , Siyue Wang , Xue Lin

Recently, transformer architecture has demonstrated its significance in both Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Computer Vision (CV) tasks. Though other network models are known to be vulnerable to the backdoor attack, which embeds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Peizhuo Lv , Hualong Ma , Jiachen Zhou , Ruigang Liang , Kai Chen , Shengzhi Zhang , Yunfei Yang

With the proliferation of smart devices and revolutions in communications, electrical distribution systems are gradually shifting from passive, manually-operated and inflexible ones, to a massively interconnected cyber-physical smart grid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Muhammad Akbar Husnoo , Adnan Anwar , Nasser Hosseinzadeh , Shama Naz Islam , Abdun Naser Mahmood , Robin Doss

Security issues have gathered growing interest within the control systems community, as physical components and communication networks are increasingly vulnerable to cyber attacks. In this context, recent literature has studied increasingly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Xiaoyu Luo , Chongrong Fang , Jianping He , Chengcheng Zhao , Dario Paccagnan

Solving the alternating current power flow equations in real time is essential for secure grid operation, yet classical Newton-Raphson solvers can be slow under stressed conditions. Existing graph neural networks for power flow are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Chidozie Ezeakunne , Jose E. Tabarez , Reeju Pokharel , Anup Pandey

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to data poisoning attacks due to its distributed nature. Although recent GAN-based data poisoning methods have indicated the potential of using generative AI to generate seemingly legitimate poisoned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Wei Sun , Yijun Chen , Bo Gao , Ke Xiong , Yuwei Wang , Pingyi Fan , Khaled Ben Letaief

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is vital in cybersecurity, detecting unauthorized activity across networks. With attacks on network layers increasing, stronger IDSs are needed. Yet most IDSs rely on centralized detection, forcing IoT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mohammad Hossein Gholamrezazadeh , AhmadReza Montazerolghaem

In recent years, the security of AI systems has drawn increasing research attention, especially in the medical imaging realm. To develop a secure medical image analysis (MIA) system, it is a must to study possible backdoor attacks (BAs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Yu Feng , Benteng Ma , Jing Zhang , Shanshan Zhao , Yong Xia , Dacheng Tao

FDI (False Data Injection) attacks are critical to address as they can compromise the integrity and reliability of data in cyber-physical systems, leading to potentially severe consequences in sectors such as power systems. The feasibility…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Mohammadreza Iranpour , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani

Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) play a pivotal role in safeguarding critical digital infrastructures against cyber threats. Machine learning-based detection models applied in NIDS are prevalent today. However, the effectiveness…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Xinxing Zhao , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Gradient inversion attacks on federated learning systems reconstruct client training data from exchanged gradient information. To defend against such attacks, a variety of defense mechanisms were proposed. However, they usually lead to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

The increasing digitization of smart grids has improved operational efficiency but also introduced new cybersecurity vulnerabilities, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Muhammad Sharshar , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Davor Svetinovic , Amr M. Youssef , Deepa Kundur , Ehab F. El-Saadany

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising performance in various real-world applications. However, recent studies have shown that GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we study a recently-introduced realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Xu Zou , Qinkai Zheng , Yuxiao Dong , Xinyu Guan , Evgeny Kharlamov , Jialiang Lu , Jie Tang

Advances in edge computing are powering the development and deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) systems to provide advanced services and resource efficiency. However, large-scale IoT-based load-altering attacks (LAAs) can seriously…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-23 Subhash Lakshminarayana , Saurav Sthapit , Hamidreza Jahangir , Carsten Maple , H Vincent Poor

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising privacy-preserving collaborative model training paradigm without sharing raw data. However, recent studies have revealed that private information can still be leaked through shared gradient…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Pengxin Guo , Runxi Wang , Shuang Zeng , Jinjing Zhu , Haoning Jiang , Yanran Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Feifei Wang , Hui Xiong , Liangqiong Qu

Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are used in the measurement, control and protection of power grids. However, deploying PMUs at every bus in a power system is prohibitively expensive, necessitating partial PMU placement that can ensure…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-19 Sajjad Maleki , Subhash Lakshminarayana , E. Veronica Belmega , Carsten Maple

The resilience of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems for electric power networks for certain cyber-attacks is considered. We analyze the vulnerability of the measurement system to false data attack on communicated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-18 Julien M. Hendrickx , Karl Henrik Johansson , Raphael M. Jungers , Henrik Sandberg , Kin Cheong Sou