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In visual generation, the quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms results in high memory and computational costs, especially for longer token sequences required in high-resolution image or multi-frame video generation. To address this,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tianchen Zhao , Ke Hong , Xinhao Yang , Xuefeng Xiao , Huixia Li , Feng Ling , Ruiqi Xie , Siqi Chen , Hongyu Zhu , Yichong Zhang , Yu Wang

Recent advancements in diffusion models have notably improved the perceptual quality of generated images in text-to-image synthesis tasks. However, diffusion models often struggle to produce images that accurately reflect the intended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yang Zhang , Teoh Tze Tzun , Lim Wei Hern , Tiviatis Sim , Kenji Kawaguchi

Many machine learning tasks such as multiple instance learning, 3D shape recognition, and few-shot image classification are defined on sets of instances. Since solutions to such problems do not depend on the order of elements of the set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Juho Lee , Yoonho Lee , Jungtaek Kim , Adam R. Kosiorek , Seungjin Choi , Yee Whye Teh

Diffusion Transformers have demonstrated remarkable performance in video generation. However, their long input sequences incur substantial latency due to the quadratic complexity of full attention. Various sparse attention mechanisms have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Tongcheng Fang , Hanling Zhang , Ruiqi Xie , Zhuo Han , Xin Tao , Tianchen Zhao , Pengfei Wan , Wenbo Ding , Wanli Ouyang , Xuefei Ning , Yu Wang

Attention-based architectures have become ubiquitous in machine learning, yet our understanding of the reasons for their effectiveness remains limited. This work proposes a new way to understand self-attention networks: we show that their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yihe Dong , Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier , Andreas Loukas

As software projects rapidly evolve, software artifacts become more complex and defects behind get harder to identify. The emerging Transformer-based approaches, though achieving remarkable performance, struggle with long code sequences due…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xueqi Yang , Mariusz Jakubowski , Li Kang , Haojie Yu , Tim Menzies

Recently, neural networks purely based on attention were shown to address image understanding tasks such as image classification. However, these visual transformers are pre-trained with hundreds of millions of images using an expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Hugo Touvron , Matthieu Cord , Matthijs Douze , Francisco Massa , Alexandre Sablayrolles , Hervé Jégou

This paper introduces a high-order Markov chain task to investigate how transformers learn to integrate information from multiple past positions with varying statistical significance. We demonstrate that transformers learn this task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Oğuz Kaan Yüksel , Rodrigo Alvarez Lucendo , Nicolas Flammarion

Scaling Diffusion Transformer (DiT) inference via sequence parallelism is critical for reducing latency in visual generation, but is severely hampered by workload imbalance when applied to models employing block-wise sparse attention. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Siqi Chen , Ke Hong , Tianchen Zhao , Ruiqi Xie , Zhenhua Zhu , Xudong Zhang , Yu Wang

Convolutional networks and vision transformers have different forms of pairwise interactions, pooling across layers and pooling at the end of the network. Does the latter really need to be different? As a by-product of pooling, vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Bill Psomas , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Konstantinos Karantzalos , Yannis Avrithis

Diffusion transformers exhibit remarkable video generation capability, yet their prohibitive computational and memory costs hinder practical deployment. Model quantization and attention sparsification are two promising directions for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Weilun Feng , Chuanguang Yang , Haotong Qin , Mingqiang Wu , Yuqi Li , Xiangqi Li , Zhulin An , Libo Huang , Yulun Zhang , Michele Magno , Yongjun Xu

In this paper, we propose a novel token selective attention approach, ToSA, which can identify tokens that need to be attended as well as those that can skip a transformer layer. More specifically, a token selector parses the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Manish Kumar Singh , Rajeev Yasarla , Hong Cai , Mingu Lee , Fatih Porikli

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) achieve strong video generation quality but suffer from high inference cost due to dense 3D attention, motivating sparse attention techniques for improving efficiency. However, existing training-free sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jiayi Luo , Jiayu Chen , Jiankun Wang , Cong Wang , Hanxin Zhu , Qingyun Sun , Chen Gao , Zhibo Chen , Jianxin Li

Deploying pre-trained transformer models like BERT on downstream tasks in resource-constrained scenarios is challenging due to their high inference cost, which grows rapidly with input sequence length. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Junyan Li , Li Lyna Zhang , Jiahang Xu , Yujing Wang , Shaoguang Yan , Yunqing Xia , Yuqing Yang , Ting Cao , Hao Sun , Weiwei Deng , Qi Zhang , Mao Yang

We present \textbf{Met}a-\textbf{T}oken \textbf{Le}arning (Mettle), a simple and memory-efficient method for adapting large-scale pretrained transformer models to downstream audio-visual tasks. Instead of sequentially modifying the output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jinxing Zhou , Zhihui Li , Yongqiang Yu , Yanghao Zhou , Ruohao Guo , Guangyao Li , Yuxin Mao , Mingfei Han , Xiaojun Chang , Meng Wang

Self-attention, an architectural motif designed to model long-range interactions in sequential data, has driven numerous recent breakthroughs in natural language processing and beyond. This work provides a theoretical analysis of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Benjamin L. Edelman , Surbhi Goel , Sham Kakade , Cyril Zhang

In this paper, we propose a simple and effective technique to allow for efficient self-supervised learning with bi-directional Transformers. Our approach is motivated by recent studies demonstrating that self-attention patterns in trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Transformer language models have driven significant progress across various fields, including natural language processing and computer vision. A central component of these models is the self-attention (SA) mechanism, which learns rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Suvadeep Hajra

While vision transformers have achieved impressive results, effectively and efficiently accelerating these models can further boost performances. In this work, we propose a dense/sparse training framework to obtain a unified model, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Ling Li , David Thorsley , Joseph Hassoun

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of NLP tasks including summarization. Training and inference using large transformer models can be computationally expensive. Previous work has focused on one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Potsawee Manakul , Mark J. F. Gales