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Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering but often struggle with hallucinations and shallow reasoning, particularly in tasks requiring nuanced clinical understanding. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Amir M. Rahmani

Iterative retrieval refers to the process in which the model continuously queries the retriever during generation to enhance the relevance of the retrieved knowledge, thereby improving the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Tian Yu , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Large reasoning models improve accuracy by producing long reasoning traces, but this inflates latency and cost, motivating inference-time efficiency. We propose Retrieval-of-Thought (RoT), which reuses prior reasoning as composable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ammar Ahmed , Azal Ahmad Khan , Ayaan Ahmad , Sheng Di , Zirui Liu , Ali Anwar

Recent advances in question answering have led to substantial progress in tasks such as multi-hop reasoning. However, global sensemaking-answering questions by synthesizing information from an entire corpus remains a significant challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Boyoung Kim , Dosung Lee , Sumin An , Jinseong Jeong , Paul Hongsuck Seo

In Textual question answering (TQA) systems, complex questions often require retrieving multiple textual fact chains with multiple reasoning steps. While existing benchmarks are limited to single-chain or single-hop retrieval scenarios. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Effective knowledge management is critical for preserving institutional expertise and improving the efficiency of workforce training in state transportation agencies. Traditional approaches, such as static documentation, classroom-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Divija Amaram , Lu Gao , Gowtham Reddy Gudla , Tejaswini Sanjay Katale

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is one of the leading and most widely used techniques for enhancing LLM retrieval capabilities, but it still faces significant limitations in commercial use cases. RAG primarily relies on the query-chunk…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is key to enhancing large language models (LLMs) to systematically access richer factual knowledge. Yet, using RAG brings intrinsic challenges, as LLMs must deal with potentially conflicting knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Leonardo Ranaldi , Federico Ranaldi , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

We present CID-GraphRAG (Conversational Intent-Driven Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation), a novel framework that addresses the limitations of existing dialogue systems in maintaining both contextual coherence and goal-oriented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ziqi Zhu , Tao Hu , Honglong Zhang , Dan Yang , Hangeng Chen , Mengran Zhang , Xilun Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a well-suited technique for retrieving privacy-sensitive Electronic Health Records (EHR). It can serve as a key module of the healthcare copilot, helping reduce misdiagnosis for healthcare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Xuejiao Zhao , Siyan Liu , Su-Yin Yang , Chunyan Miao

Academic regulation advising is essential for helping students interpret and comply with institutional policies, yet building effective systems requires domain specific regulatory resources. To address this challenge, we propose REBot, an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Thanh Ma , Tri-Tam La , Lam-Thu Le Huu , Minh-Nghi Nguyen , Khanh-Van Pham Luu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively mitigates hallucinations in LLMs by incorporating external knowledge. However, the inherent discrete representation of text in existing frameworks often results in a loss of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengcheng Zhou , Haochen Li , Zhiqiang Nie , JiaLe Chen , Qing Gong , Weizhen Zhang , Chun Yu

Humans understand long and complex texts by relying on a holistic semantic representation of the content. This global view helps organize prior knowledge, interpret new information, and integrate evidence dispersed across a document, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuqing Li , Jiangnan Li , Zheng Lin , Ziyan Zhou , Junjie Wu , Weiping Wang , Jie Zhou , Mo Yu

This paper presents Loops On Retrieval Augmented Generation (LoRAG), a new framework designed to enhance the quality of retrieval-augmented text generation through the incorporation of an iterative loop mechanism. The architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ayush Thakur , Rashmi Vashisth

GraphRAG-Causal introduces an innovative framework that combines graph-based retrieval with large language models to enhance causal reasoning in news analysis. Traditional NLP approaches often struggle with identifying complex, implicit…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Abdul Haque , Umm e Hani , Ahmad Din , Muhammad Babar , Ali Abbas , Insaf Ullah

Test-time scaling has emerged as an effective way to improve language models on challenging reasoning tasks. However, most existing methods treat each problem in isolation and do not systematically reuse knowledge from prior reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Di Wu , Devendra Singh Sachan , Wen-tau Yih , Mingda Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has significantly enhanced Large Language Models' ability to access external knowledge, yet current graph-based RAG approaches face two critical limitations in managing hierarchical information: they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chunyu Wei , Huaiyu Qin , Siyuan He , Yunhai Wang , Yueguo Chen

Graph Retrieval Augmented Generation (GRAG) is a novel paradigm that takes the naive RAG system a step further by integrating graph information, such as knowledge graph (KGs), into large-scale language models (LLMs) to mitigate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xujian Liang , Zhaoquan Gu

Recent graph-based RAG approaches leverage knowledge graphs by extracting entities from a query to fetch their associated relationships and metadata. However, relying solely on entity extraction often results in the misinterpretation or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ningyuan Li , Junrui Liu , Yi Shan , Minghui Huang , Ziren Gong , Tong Li

Narrative comprehension on long stories and novels has been a challenging domain attributed to their intricate plotlines and entangled, often evolving relations among characters and entities. Given the LLM's diminished reasoning over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Juyuan Wang , Rongchen Zhao , Wei Wei , Yufeng Wang , Mo Yu , Jie Zhou , Jin Xu , Liyan Xu