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Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) enhances LLMs by structuring corpus into graphs to facilitate multi-hop reasoning. While recent lightweight approaches reduce indexing costs by leveraging Named Entity Recognition (NER),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yifan Song , Xingjian Tao , Zhicheng Yang , Yihong Luo , Jing Tang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) substantially extends the knowledge boundary of large language models. However, it still faces two major challenges when handling complex reasoning tasks: low context utilization and frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shijia Xu , Zhou Wu , Xiaolong Jia , Yu Wang , Kai Liu , April Xiaowen Dong

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing. However, they often suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations. Graph retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Kai Guo , Harry Shomer , Shenglai Zeng , Haoyu Han , Yu Wang , Jiliang Tang

The use of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to retrieve relevant information from an external knowledge source enables large language models (LLMs) to answer questions over private and/or previously unseen document collections. However,…

Leveraging the autonomous decision-making capabilities of large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated superior performance in reasoning tasks. However, despite the success of iterative or agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Wenfeng Feng , Chuzhan Hao , Yuewei Zhang , Guochao Jiang , Jingyi Song , Hao Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems critically depend on how external knowledge is segmented, structured, and retrieved. Most existing approaches either retrieve fixed-length text chunks, which fragments discourse context, or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mengzhu Chen , Haodong Yang , Jia Cai , Xiaolin Huang

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet factually incorrect content when used for language generation (a phenomenon often known as hallucination). Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) tries to reduce factual errors by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Dobrik Georgiev , Kheeran Naidu , Alberto Cattaneo , Federico Monti , Carlo Luschi , Daniel Justus

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) necessitates complex reasoning by integrating multiple pieces of information to resolve intricate questions. However, existing QA systems encounter challenges such as outdated information, context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Xiaoming Zhang , Ming Wang , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Shi Feng , Yifei Zhang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a dominant paradigm for mitigating knowledge hallucination and staleness in large language models (LLMs) while preserving data security. By retrieving relevant evidence from private,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Guohang Yan , Yue Zhang , Pinlong Cai , Ding Wang , Song Mao , Hongwei Zhang , Yaoze Zhang , Hairong Zhang , Xinyu Cai , Botian Shi

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation has emerged as a powerful paradigm for grounding large language models with external structured knowledge. However, existing Graph RAG methods struggle with temporal reasoning, due to their inability to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Qingyun Sun , Jiaqi Yuan , Shan He , Xiao Guan , Haonan Yuan , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li , Philip S. Yu

Large language models (LLMs) still struggle with multi-hop reasoning over knowledge-graphs (KGs), and we identify a previously overlooked structural reason for this difficulty: Transformer attention heads naturally specialize in distinct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jinliang Liu , Jiale Bai , Shaoning Zeng

Polymer literature contains a large and growing body of experimental knowledge, yet much of it is buried in unstructured text and inconsistent terminology, making systematic retrieval and reasoning difficult. Existing tools typically…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Sonakshi Gupta , Akhlak Mahmood , Wei Xiong , Rampi Ramprasad

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on multi-hop question answering (QA), which requires reasoning over evidence from multiple documents. Current multi-hop RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yikai Zhu , Kunfeng Chen , Qihuang Zhong , Juhua Liu , Bo Du

Reasoning over structured graphs remains a fundamental challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly when scaling to large graphs. Existing approaches typically follow the retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) paradigm: first…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haoyu Han , Kai Guo , Harry Shomer , Yu Wang , Yucheng Chu , Hang Li , Li Ma , Jiliang Tang

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown great potential for improving multi-level reasoning and structured evidence aggregation. However, existing graph-based RAG frameworks heavily rely on exploiting large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiao Yue , Guangzhi Qu , Lige Gan

Recent literature highlights the potential of graph-based approaches within large language model (LLM) retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines for answering queries of varying complexity, particularly those that fall outside the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Isabela Iacob , Melisa Marian , Gheorghe Cosmin Silaghi

Conventional Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) approaches are common in text-based applications. However, they struggle with structured, interconnected datasets like knowledge graphs, where understanding underlying relationships is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Savini Kashmira , Jayanaka L. Dantanarayana , Krisztián Flautner , Lingjia Tang , Jason Mars

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factual grounding of Large Language Models by conditioning their outputs on external documents. However, standard embedding-based retrievers treat naturally structured corpora, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Giorgia Bolognesi , Claudio Estatico , Ulderico Fugacci , Isabella Mastroianni , Claudio Muselli , Luca Oneto

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is gaining recognition as one of the key technological axes for next generation information retrieval, owing to its ability to mitigate the hallucination phenomenon in Large Language Models (LLMs)and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hyunseok Ryu , Wonjune Shin , Hyun Park

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is now standard for knowledge-intensive LLM tasks, but most systems still treat every query as fresh, repeatedly re-retrieving long passages and re-reasoning from scratch, inflating tokens, latency, and…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Ning Wang , Kuanyan Zhu , Daniel Yuehwoon Yee , Yitang Gao , Shiying Huang , Zirun Xu , Sainyam Galhotra