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Spoken communication plays a central role in clinical workflows. In radiology, for example, most reports are created through dictation. Yet, nearly all medical AI systems rely exclusively on written text. In this work, we address this gap…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Lukas Buess , Jan Geier , David Bani-Harouni , Chantal Pellegrini , Matthias Keicher , Paula Andrea Perez-Toro , Nassir Navab , Andreas Maier , Tomas Arias-Vergara

In this work we explored building automatic speech recognition models for transcribing doctor patient conversation. We collected a large scale dataset of clinical conversations ($14,000$ hr), designed the task to represent the real word…

Online, people often recount their experiences turning to conversational AI agents (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot) for mental health support -- going so far as to replace their therapists. These anecdotes suggest that AI agents have great…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for mental-health support; yet prevailing evaluation methods--fluency metrics, preference tests, and generic dialogue benchmarks--fail to capture the clinically critical dimensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Fangrui Huang , Souhad Chbeir , Arpandeep Khatua , Sheng Wang , Sijun Tan , Kenan Ye , Lily Bailey , Merryn Daniel , Ryan Louie , Sanmi Koyejo , Ehsan Adeli

This paper presents "Emotion Talk," a system designed to provide continuous emotional support through audio messages for psychological assistance. The primary objective is to offer consistent support to patients outside traditional therapy…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being explored in health and social care to reduce administrative workload and allow staff to spend more time on patient care. This paper evaluates a voice-enabled Care Home Smart Speaker…

The automatic recognition of emotion in speech can inform our understanding of language, emotion, and the brain. It also has practical application to human-machine interactive systems. This paper examines the recognition of emotion in…

The human auditory system has the ability to selectively focus on key speech elements in an audio stream while giving secondary attention to less relevant areas such as noise or distortion within the background, dynamically adjusting its…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Nursadul Mamun , John H. L. Hansen

Testing humanoid robots with users is slow, causes wear, and limits iteration and diversity. Yet screening agents must master conversational timing, prosody, backchannels, and what to attend to in faces and speech for Depression and PTSD.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Filippo Cenacchi , Deborah Richards , Longbing Cao

In human conversation, empathic dialogue requires nuanced temporal cues indicating whether the conversational partner is paying attention. This type of "active listening" is overlooked in the design of Conversational Agents (CAs), which use…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhihan Jiang , Qianhui Chen , Chu Zhang , Yanheng Li , Ray LC

We present the first English corpus study on abusive language towards three conversational AI systems gathered "in the wild": an open-domain social bot, a rule-based chatbot, and a task-based system. To account for the complexity of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Amanda Cercas Curry , Gavin Abercrombie , Verena Rieser

Understanding how auditory stimuli influence emotional and physiological states is fundamental to advancing affective computing and mental health technologies. In this paper, we present a multimodal evaluation of the affective and…

This study explores ChatGPT's capabilities, stability, and risks in simulating psychological counseling sessions in a school counseling context. Using scripted role-plays between a human counselor and an AI client, we examine how a large…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yang Ni , Yanzhuo Cao

Despite advancements in conversational AI, language models encounter challenges to handle diverse conversational tasks, and existing dialogue dataset collections often lack diversity and comprehensiveness. To tackle these issues, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Jianguo Zhang , Kun Qian , Zhiwei Liu , Shelby Heinecke , Rui Meng , Ye Liu , Zhou Yu , Huan Wang , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong

Conversational AI, such as ChatGPT, is increasingly used for information seeking. However, little is known about how ordinary users actually prompt and how ChatGPT adapts its responses in real-world conversational information seeking (CIS).…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Haoning Xue , Yoo Jung Oh , Xinyi Zhou , Xinyu Zhang , Berit Oxley

All previous methods for audio-driven talking head generation assume the input audio to be clean with a neutral tone. As we show empirically, one can easily break these systems by simply adding certain background noise to the utterance or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Gaurav Mittal , Baoyuan Wang

Conversational AI systems are increasingly used for personal reflection and emotional disclosure, raising concerns about their effects on vulnerable users. Recent anecdotal reports suggest that prolonged interactions with AI may reinforce…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Soorya Ram Shimgekar , Vipin Gunda , Jiwon Kim , Violeta J. Rodriguez , Hari Sundaram , Koustuv Saha

Recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP), and specifically automated Question Answering (QA) systems, have demonstrated both impressive linguistic fluency and a pernicious tendency to reflect social biases. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Cécile Logé , Emily Ross , David Yaw Amoah Dadey , Saahil Jain , Adriel Saporta , Andrew Y. Ng , Pranav Rajpurkar

Autoregressive language models, which use deep learning to produce human-like texts, have become increasingly widespread. Such models are powering popular virtual assistants in areas like smart health, finance, and autonomous driving. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Kaiping Chen , Anqi Shao , Jirayu Burapacheep , Yixuan Li

Conversational tones -- the manners and attitudes in which speakers communicate -- are essential to effective communication. Amidst the increasing popularization of Large Language Models (LLMs) over recent years, it becomes necessary to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Dun-Ming Huang , Pol Van Rijn , Ilia Sucholutsky , Raja Marjieh , Nori Jacoby