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The problem of real-time remote tracking and reconstruction of a two-state Markov process is considered here. A transmitter sends samples from an observed information source to a remote monitor over an unreliable wireless channel. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Mehrdad Salimnejad , Marios Kountouris , Nikolaos Pappas

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have become a prevalent paradigm for Large Language Model (LLM) applications. However, the complex multi-agent design in MAS introduces unique trustworthiness concerns: adversarial agents can inject misleading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Chengcan Wu , Zhixin Zhang , Mingqian Xu , Zeming Wei , Meng Sun

As Large Language Model (LLM) based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) evolve from experimental pilots to complex, persistent ecosystems, the limitations of direct agent-to-agent communication have become increasingly apparent. Current architectures…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Charles Fleming , Guillaume De Saint Marc , Ramana Kompella , Peter Bosch , Vijoy Pandey

As large language models (LLMs) transition from static tools to fully agentic systems, their potential for transforming social science research has become increasingly evident. This paper introduces a structured framework for understanding…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jennifer Haase , Sebastian Pokutta

Letting robots emulate human behavior has always posed a challenge, particularly in scenarios involving multiple robots. In this paper, we presented a framework aimed at achieving multi-agent reinforcement learning for robot control in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Kangkang Duan , Christine Wun Ki Suen , Zhengbo Zou

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a branch of machine learning in which agents interact and learn optimal policies through trial and error, addressing complex scenarios where multiple agents interact and learn in the same…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Changhee Lee , Jeongmin Rhee , DongHwa Shin

Team competition in multi-agent Markov games is an increasingly important setting for multi-agent reinforcement learning, due to its general applicability in modeling many real-life situations. Multi-agent actor-critic methods are the most…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Paramita Koley , Aurghya Maiti , Niloy Ganguly , Sourangshu Bhattacharya

Autonomous agents often require multiple strategies to solve complex tasks, but determining when to switch between strategies remains challenging. This research introduces a reinforcement learning technique to learn switching thresholds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Chris Tava

In this paper, we investigate the distributed convex optimization problem over a multi-agent system with Markovian switching communication networks. The objective function is the sum of each agent's local objective function, which cannot be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Peng Yi , Li Li

This work develops a fully decentralized multi-agent algorithm for policy evaluation. The proposed scheme can be applied to two distinct scenarios. In the first scenario, a collection of agents have distinct datasets gathered following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Lucas Cassano , Kun Yuan , Ali H. Sayed

Making sophisticated, robust, and safe sequential decisions is at the heart of intelligent systems. This is especially critical for planning in complex multi-agent environments, where agents need to anticipate other agents' intentions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Yichuan Charlie Tang

Interactive large language model (LLM) agents operating via multi-turn dialogue and multi-step tool calling are increasingly used in production. Benchmarks for these agents must both reliably compare models and yield on-policy training…

Motivated by disease progression-related studies, we propose an estimation method for fitting general non-homogeneous multi-state Markov models. The proposal can handle many types of multi-state processes, with several states and various…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-22 Alessia Eletti , Giampiero Marra , Rosalba Radice

In recent years, reinforcement learning and its multi-agent analogue have achieved great success in solving various complex control problems. However, multi-agent reinforcement learning remains challenging both in its theoretical analysis…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Kai Cui , Mengguang Li , Christian Fabian , Heinz Koeppl

Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) has shown remarkable potential in large language model-based (LLM) agents. These works can empower LLM agents to tackle complex tasks via multi-step, tool-integrated reasoning. However, an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Siwei Zhang , Yun Xiong , Xi Chen , Zi'an Jia , Renhong Huang , Jiarong Xu , Jiawei Zhang

This study proposes a regime-aware reinforcement learning framework for long-horizon portfolio optimization. Moving beyond traditional feedforward and GARCH-based models, we design realistic environments where agents dynamically reallocate…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-19 Gabriel Nixon Raj

Existing automatic 3D image segmentation methods usually fail to meet the clinic use. Many studies have explored an interactive strategy to improve the image segmentation performance by iteratively incorporating user hints. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Xuan Liao , Wenhao Li , Qisen Xu , Xiangfeng Wang , Bo Jin , Xiaoyun Zhang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Modern LLM based agents are no longer passive text generators. They read repositories, call tools, browse the web, execute code, maintain memory, communicate with other agents, and act through long horizon workflows. This shift moves the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianxiao Li , Yixing Ma , Haiquan Wen , Zhenglin Huang , Qianyu Zhou , Zeyu Fu , Guangliang Cheng

In edge computing systems, autonomous agents must make fast local decisions while competing for shared resources. Existing MARL methods often resume to centralized critics or frequent communication, which fail under limited observability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Andrea Fox , Francesco De Pellegrini , Eitan Altman

The evolution of specialization in a multi-agent system is studied both by computer simulation and Markov process model. Many individual agents search for and exploit resources to get global optimization in an environment without complete…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Zengru Di , Jiawei Chen , Yougui Wang , Zhangang Han