Related papers: Global Automation Atlas
Despite widespread speculation about artificial intelligence's impact on the future of work, we lack systematic empirical evidence about how these systems are actually being used for different tasks. Here, we present a novel framework for…
By 2050, the global demand for assistive care is expected to reach 3.5 billion people, far outpacing the availability of human caregivers. Existing robotic solutions remain expensive and require technical expertise, limiting accessibility.…
The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is likely to have a substantial impact on the economy. Companies need to build up capabilities to implement new technologies, and automation may make some occupations obsolete. However, where, when,…
In traditional decision making processes, social biases of human decision makers can lead to unequal economic outcomes for underrepresented social groups, such as women, racial or ethnic minorities. Recently, the increasing popularity of…
As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to reshape the workforce, its current trajectory raises pressing questions about its ultimate purpose. Why does job automation dominate the agenda, even at the expense of human agency and equity?…
Teachers' trust in artificial intelligence (AI) in education depends on how they balance its perceived benefits and risks. Yet global discussions about scaling AI in education rely on fragmented evidence, as most studies of teachers'…
AI generates both enthusiasm and disillusionment, with promises that often go unfulfilled. It is therefore not surprising that human labor, which is its fundamental component, is also subject to these same deceptions. The development of…
A significant majority of AI fairness research studying the harmful outcomes of GAI tools have overlooked non-Western communities and contexts, necessitating a stronger coverage in this vein. We extend our previous work on exoticism (Ghosh…
Skill shortages are a drain on society. They hamper economic opportunities for individuals, slow growth for firms, and impede labor productivity in aggregate. Therefore, the ability to understand and predict skill shortages in advance is…
This paper examines how digital transformation reshapes employment structures within Chinese listed firms, focusing on occupational functions and task intensity. Drawing on recruitment data classified under ISCO-08 and the Chinese Standard…
The rapid rise of AI is poised to disrupt the labor market. However, AI is not a monolith; its impact depends on both the nature of the innovation and the jobs it affects. While computational approaches are emerging, there is no consensus…
This article examines how unequal access to AI innovation creates systemic challenges for developing countries. Differential access to AI innovation results from the acute competition between domestic and global actors. While developing…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education and the workforce, but access to AI learning opportunities in Africa remains uneven. With rapid demographic shifts and growing labour market pressures, AI has become a strategic…
Contemporary automation through AI entails a substantial amount of behind-the-scenes human labour, which is often both invisibilised and underpaid. Since invisible labour, including labelling and maintenance work, is an integral part of…
The expression "wage transition" refers to the fact that over the past two or three decades in all developed economies wage increases have levelled off. There has been a widening divergence and decoupling between wages on the one hand and…
We use an online experiment with a real work task to study whether workers change their behavior when they know AI will be used to judge their work instead of humans. We find that individuals produce a higher quantity of output when they…
As a phenomenal large language model, ChatGPT has achieved unparalleled success in various real-world tasks and increasingly plays an important role in our daily lives and work. However, extensive concerns are also raised about the…
Those best-positioned to profit from the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems are those with the most economic power. Extant global inequality has motivated Western institutions to involve more diverse groups in the…
Research in Data Envelopment Analysis has created rankings of the ecological efficiency of countries' economies. At the same time, research in economic complexity has provided new methods to depict productive structures and has analyzed how…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to profoundly reshape how work is executed and organized, but we do not yet have deep frameworks for understanding where AI can be used. Here we provide a comprehensive ontology of work activities that…