Related papers: Global Automation Atlas
With generative AI emerging as a general-purpose technology, understanding its economic effects is among society's most pressing questions. Existing studies of AI impact have largely relied on predictions of AI capabilities or focused…
Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical to a wide range of clean and high-tech applications, yet global trade dependencies expose countries to vulnerabilities across production networks. Here, we construct a multi-tiered input-output trade…
An occupation is comprised of interconnected tasks, and it is these tasks, not occupations themselves, that are affected by AI. To evaluate how tasks may be impacted, previous approaches utilized manual annotations or coarse-grained…
This study develops a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence (AI) Index with seven primary dimensions, designed for provincial-level and industry-specific analysis. We employ an anchor point method for data normalization, using fixed upper…
The integration of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) into economic production represents a transformative shift with profound implications for labor markets, income distribution, and technological growth. This study extends the Constant…
The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) raises a central question: are investments in compute infrastructure matched by an equally robust build-out of skills, incentives, and governance?…
This paper presents a multidisciplinary task approach for assessing the impact of artificial intelligence on the future of work. We provide definitions of a task from two main perspectives: socio-economic and computational. We propose to…
Studies on supervised machine learning (ML) recommend involving workers from various backgrounds in training dataset labeling to reduce algorithmic bias. Moreover, sophisticated tasks for categorizing objects in images are necessary to…
We executed 24,000 search queries in 243 countries, generating 2.8 million AI and traditional search results in 2024 and 2025. We found a rapid global expansion of AI search and key trends that reflect important, previously hidden, policy…
Discussions surrounding Artificial General Intelligence have largely focused on technical feasibility, timelines, and existential risk, often treating its social impact as being the same across different populations. Less attention has been…
The potential impact of automation on the labor market is a topic that has generated significant interest and concern amongst scholars, policymakers, and the broader public. A number of studies have estimated occupation-specific risk…
Machine learning can provide predictions with disparate outcomes, in which subgroups of the population (e.g., defined by age, gender, or other sensitive attributes) are systematically disadvantaged. In order to comply with upcoming…
Work is fundamental to societal prosperity and mental health, providing financial security, identity, purpose, and social integration. The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has catalysed debate on job displacement. Some…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the planet. Data digitisation, computing infrastructure and machine learning are helping AI tools to spread across all sectors of society. This article presents the results of a…
We argue that the recent growth in income inequality is driven by disparate growth in investment income rather than by disparate growth in wages. Specifically, we present evidence that real wages are flat across a range of professions,…
Generative AI has the potential to transform how firms produce output. Yet, credible evidence on how AI is actually substituting for human labor remains limited. In this paper, we study firm-level substitution between contracted online…
Experimental evidence confirms that AI tools raise worker productivity, but also that sustained use can erode the expertise on which those gains depend. We develop a dynamic model in which a decision-maker chooses AI usage intensity for a…
Which jobs can AI learn to do? We examine this for every occupation in the US economy. Existing indices measure the overlap between AI capabilities and occupational tasks rather than which tasks AI systems can learn to perform, and as a…
The impact of predictive algorithms on people's lives and livelihoods has been noted in medicine, criminal justice, finance, hiring and admissions. Most of these algorithms are developed using data and human capital from highly developed…
A firm can complete the tasks needed to produce output using either machines or workers. Unlike machines, workers have private information about their preferences over tasks. I study how this information asymmetry shapes the mechanism used…