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This essay examines how what is considered to be artificial intelligence (AI) has changed over time and come to intersect with the expertise of the author. Initially, AI developed on a separate trajectory, both topically and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-02 Kush R. Varshney

Adaptive interventions (AIs) are increasingly becoming popular in medical and behavioral sciences. An AI is a sequence of individualized intervention options that specify for whom and under what conditions different intervention options…

Applications · Statistics 2018-12-18 Palash Ghosh , Inbal Nahum-Shani , Bonnie Spring , Bibhas Chakraborty

While advancing rapidly, Artificial Intelligence still falls short of human intelligence in several key aspects due to inherent limitations in current AI technologies and our understanding of cognition. Humans have an innate ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Apoorv Singh

Problem statement: Standardisation of AI fairness rules and benchmarks is challenging because AI fairness and other ethical requirements depend on multiple factors such as context, use case, type of the AI system, and so on. In this paper,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Avinash Agarwal , Harsh Agarwal

Contemporary artificial intelligence systems are pivotal in enhancing human efficiency and safety across various domains. One such domain is autonomous systems, especially in automotive and defense use cases. Artificial intelligence brings…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Jason M. Pittman

Thanks to the great progress of machine learning in the last years, several Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been increasingly moving from the controlled research laboratory settings to our everyday life. AI is clearly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Tatiana Tommasi , Silvia Bucci , Barbara Caputo , Pietro Asinari

The era of AI regulation (AIR) is upon us. But AI systems, we argue, will not be able to comply with these regulations at the necessary speed and scale by continuing to rely on traditional, analogue methods of compliance. Instead, we posit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Bill Marino , Nicholas D. Lane

Artificial intelligence has advanced rapidly in biomedicine through large-scale multimodal data integration, enabling increasingly accurate prediction of clinical outcomes and patient stratification. These systems, however, remain…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Andrew Feinberg , Aleksandr Sarachakov , Viktor Svekolkin , Alexander Bagaev , Ferran Prat , Michael Feinberg

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can transform the knowledge economy by automating non-codifiable work. To analyze this transformation, we incorporate AI into an economy where humans form hierarchical organizations: Less knowledgeable…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-08 Enrique Ide , Eduard Talamas

Artificial intelligence-driven adaptive learning systems are reshaping education through data-driven adaptation of learning experiences. Yet many of these systems lack transparency, offering limited insight into how decisions are made. Most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Maryam Mosleh , Marie Devlin , Ellis Solaiman

We formalize AI alignment as a multi-objective optimization problem called $\langle M,N,\varepsilon,\delta\rangle$-agreement, in which a set of $N$ agents (including humans) must reach approximate ($\varepsilon$) agreement across $M$…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Aran Nayebi

Despite AI's impressive achievements, including recent advances in generative and large language models, there remains a significant gap in the ability of AI systems to handle uncertainty and generalize beyond their training data. AI models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal , Andrew Bradley , Julian F. P. Kooij , Keivan Shariatmadar , Neil Yorke-Smith , Fabio Cuzzolin

Artificial intelligence (AI) governance is the body of standards and practices used to ensure that AI systems are deployed responsibly. Current AI governance approaches consist mainly of manual review and documentation processes. While such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sean McGregor , Jesse Hostetler

A large challenge in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is training control agents that can properly adapt to variable environments. Environments in which the conditions change can cause issues for agents trying to operate in them. Building…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Destiny Bailey

Current AI systems lack several important human capabilities, such as adaptability, generalizability, self-control, consistency, common sense, and causal reasoning. We believe that existing cognitive theories of human decision making, such…

Drawing on our experience of more than a decade of AI in academic research, technology development, industry engagement, postgraduate teaching, doctoral supervision and organisational consultancy, we present the 'CDAC AI Life Cycle', a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Daswin De Silva , Damminda Alahakoon

To date, formal models of collective intelligence have lacked a plausible mathematical description of the relationship between local-scale interactions between highly autonomous sub-system components (individuals) and global-scale behavior…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Rafael Kaufmann , Pranav Gupta , Jacob Taylor

Artificial intelligence commonly refers to the science and engineering of artificial systems that can carry out tasks generally associated with requiring aspects of human intelligence, such as playing games, translating languages, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andreas Krause , Jonas Hübotter

We endorse and expand upon Susan Schneider's critique of the linear model of AI progress and introduce two novel concepts: "familiar intelligence" and "strange intelligence". AI intelligence is likely to be strange intelligence, defying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Kendra Chilson , Eric Schwitzgebel

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the name popularly given to a broad spectrum of computer tools designed to perform increasingly complex cognitive tasks, including many that used to solely be the province of humans. As these tools become…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Tanya Klowden , Terence Tao