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The grand vision of enabling persistent, large-scale 3D visual geometry understanding is shackled by the irreconcilable demands of scalability and long-term stability. While offline models like VGGT achieve inspiring geometry capability,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Shuai Yuan , Yantai Yang , Xiaotian Yang , Xupeng Zhang , Zhonghao Zhao , Lingming Zhang , Zhipeng Zhang

Reconstruction is a fundamental task in 3D vision and a fundamental capability for spatial intelligence. Particularly, streaming 3D reconstruction is central to real-time spatial perception, yet existing recurrent online models often suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiacheng Dong , Huan Li , Sicheng Zhou , Wenhao Hu , Weili Xu , Yan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit enhanced capabilities by Chain-of-Thought reasoning. However, the extended reasoning sequences introduce significant GPU memory overhead due to increased key-value (KV) cache. Existing KV cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Haoyue Zhang , Hualei Zhang , Xiaosong Ma , Jie Zhang , Song Guo

Video transformers have achieved impressive results on major video recognition benchmarks, which however suffer from high computational cost. In this paper, we present STTS, a token selection framework that dynamically selects a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Junke Wang , Xitong Yang , Hengduo Li , Li Liu , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Scaling the input context length of a large language model (LLM) incurs a significant increase in computation cost and memory footprint to maintain the attention key-value (KV) cache. Existing KV cache compression methods suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Yuxiang Huang , Binhang Yuan , Xu Han , Chaojun Xiao , Zhiyuan Liu

We propose a novel recurrent network-based HDR deghosting method for fusing arbitrary length dynamic sequences. The proposed method uses convolutional and recurrent architectures to generate visually pleasing, ghosting-free HDR images. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 K. Ram Prabhakar , Susmit Agrawal , R. Venkatesh Babu

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) rely on key-value (KV) caching to avoid redundant computation during autoregressive inference. While this mechanism greatly improves efficiency, the cache size grows linearly with the input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Jinwoo Ahn , Ingyu Seong , Akhil Kedia , Junhan Kim , Hyemi Jang , Kangwook Lee , Yongkweon Jeon

KV cache restoration has emerged as a dominant bottleneck in serving long-context LLM workloads, including multi-turn conversations, retrieval-augmented generation, and agentic pipelines. Existing approaches treat restoration as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Sean Nian , Jiahao Fang , Qilong Feng , Zhiyu Wu , Fan Lai

Large language models (LLMs) utilize key-value (KV) cache to store historical information during sequence processing. The size of KV cache grows linearly as the length of the sequence extends, which seriously affects memory usage and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yijun Liu , Yixuan Wang , Yuzhuang Xu , Shiyu Ji , Yang Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can reason over hour-long video, yet their key-value (KV) cache grows linearly with time-quickly exceeding the fixed memory of phones, AR glasses, and edge robots. Prior compression schemes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Minsoo Kim , Kyuhong Shim , Jungwook Choi , Simyung Chang

Streaming 3D perception is well suited to robotics and augmented reality, where long visual streams must be processed efficiently and consistently. Recent recurrent models offer a promising solution by maintaining fixed-size states and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Changkun Liu , Jiezhi Yang , Zeman Li , Yuan Deng , Jiancong Guo , Luca Ballan

Long-horizon LLM inference turns the key--value (KV) cache into the dominant GPU memory consumer and makes per-token attention increasingly expensive. Many common eviction policies use static recency windows or historical attention, leaving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yubo Li , Yidi Miao

Despite rapid progress in autoregressive video diffusion, an emerging system algorithm bottleneck limits both deployability and generation capability: KV cache memory. In autoregressive video generation models, the KV cache grows with…

Large language models are increasingly capable of handling long-context inputs, but the memory overhead of key-value (KV) cache remains a major bottleneck for general-purpose deployment. While various compression strategies have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Chenlong Deng , Zhisong Zhang , Kelong Mao , Shuaiyi Li , Tianqing Fang , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Zhicheng Dou

We propose ReKV, a novel training-free approach that enables efficient streaming video question-answering (StreamingVQA), by seamlessly integrating with existing Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs). Traditional VideoQA systems struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangzhe Di , Zhelun Yu , Guanghao Zhang , Haoyuan Li , Tao Zhong , Hao Cheng , Bolin Li , Wanggui He , Fangxun Shu , Hao Jiang

Hand-object 3D reconstruction has become increasingly important for applications in human-robot interaction and immersive AR/VR experiences. A common approach for object-agnostic hand-object reconstruction from RGB sequences involves a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Anilkumar Swamy , Vincent Leroy , Philippe Weinzaepfel , Jean-Sébastien Franco , Grégory Rogez

The quadratic complexity of the attention mechanism and the substantial memory footprint of the Key-Value (KV) cache present severe computational and memory challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs) processing long contexts. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dongfang Li , Zixuan Liu , Gang Lin , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

The integration of visual information into Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), but the quadratic memory and computational costs of Transformer architectures remain a bottleneck. Existing KV cache eviction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xindian Ma , Yidi Lu , Peng Zhang , Jing Zhang

Mesh plays an indispensable role in dense real-time reconstruction essential in robotics. Efforts have been made to maintain flexible data structures for 3D data fusion, yet an efficient incremental framework specifically designed for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Wei Dong , Jieqi Shi , Weijie Tang , Xin Wang , Hongbin Zha

Multimodal Large Language Models face severe challenges in computational efficiency and memory consumption due to the substantial expansion of the visual KV cache when processing long visual contexts. Existing KV cache compression methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Sihao Liu , YuFan Xiong , Zhonghua Jiang , Zhaode Wang , chengfei lv Shengyu Zhang