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Dance requires skillful composition of complex movements that follow rhythmic, tonal and timbral features of music. Formally, generating dance conditioned on a piece of music can be expressed as a problem of modelling a high-dimensional…

We propose the Multi-Track Music Machine (MMM), a generative system based on the Transformer architecture that is capable of generating multi-track music. In contrast to previous work, which represents musical material as a single…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Jeff Ens , Philippe Pasquier

While end-to-end systems are becoming popular in auditory signal processing including automatic music tagging, models using raw audio as input needs a large amount of data and computational resources without domain knowledge. Inspired by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Yinghao Ma , Richard M. Stern

End-to-end generation of musical audio using deep learning techniques has seen an explosion of activity recently. However, most models concentrate on generating fully mixed music in response to abstract conditioning information. In this…

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in generative models for music, featuring diverse architectures that balance output quality, diversity, speed, and user control. This study explores a user-friendly graphical interface…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Scott H. Hawley

State-of-the-art non-autoregressive text-to-speech (TTS) models based on FastSpeech 2 can efficiently synthesise high-fidelity and natural speech. For expressive speech datasets however, we observe characteristic audio distortions. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Fabian Kögel , Bac Nguyen , Fabien Cardinaux

Singing Accompaniment Generation (SAG), which generates instrumental music to accompany input vocals, is crucial to developing human-AI symbiotic art creation systems. The state-of-the-art method, SingSong, utilizes a multi-stage…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Jianyi Chen , Wei Xue , Xu Tan , Zhen Ye , Qifeng Liu , Yike Guo

Generating realistic drum audio directly from symbolic representations is a challenging task at the intersection of music perception and machine learning. We propose a system that transforms an expressive drum grid, a time-aligned MIDI…

Existing vector quantization (VQ) based autoregressive models follow a two-stage generation paradigm that first learns a codebook to encode images as discrete codes, and then completes generation based on the learned codebook. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Mengqi Huang , Zhendong Mao , Zhuowei Chen , Yongdong Zhang

We present significant extensions to diffusion-based sequence generation models, blurring the line with autoregressive language models. We introduce hyperschedules, which assign distinct noise schedules to individual token positions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Nima Fathi , Torsten Scholak , Pierre-André Noël

As a new paradigm of visual content generation, autoregressive text-to-image models suffer from slow inference due to their sequential token-by-token decoding process, often requiring thousands of model forward passes to generate a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yao Teng , Fuyun Wang , Xian Liu , Zhekai Chen , Han Shi , Yu Wang , Zhenguo Li , Weiyang Liu , Difan Zou , Xihui Liu

Building a unified visual tokenizer is essential for bridging the gap between visual understanding and generation. Yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent conflict between these tasks, as a single token space is forced to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiwei Guo , Shaobin Zhuang , Zhipeng Huang , Canmiao Fu , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Yali Wang

We demonstrate a conditional autoregressive pipeline for efficient music recomposition, based on methods presented in van den Oord et al.(2017). Recomposition (Casal & Casey, 2010) focuses on reworking existing musical pieces, adhering to…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Kyle Kastner , Rithesh Kumar , Tim Cooijmans , Aaron Courville

Vocal-to-accompaniment (V2A) generation, which aims to transform a raw vocal recording into a fully arranged accompaniment, inherently requires jointly addressing an accompaniment trilemma: preserving acoustic authenticity, maintaining…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qi Wang , Zhexu Shen , Meng Chen , Guoxin Yu , Chaoxu Pang , Weifeng Zhao , Wenjiang Zhou

Diffusion models have shown promising results in cross-modal generation tasks, including text-to-image and text-to-audio generation. However, generating music, as a special type of audio, presents unique challenges due to limited…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Ke Chen , Yusong Wu , Haohe Liu , Marianna Nezhurina , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Shlomo Dubnov

Autoregressive visual generation models typically rely on tokenizers to compress images into tokens that can be predicted sequentially. A fundamental dilemma exists in token representation: discrete tokens enable straightforward modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yuqing Wang , Zhijie Lin , Yao Teng , Yuanzhi Zhu , Shuhuai Ren , Jiashi Feng , Xihui Liu

While language models (LMs) paired with residual vector quantization (RVQ) tokenizers have shown promise in text-to-audio (T2A) generation, they still lag behind diffusion-based models by a non-trivial margin. We identify a critical dilemma…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Juncheng Wang , Chao Xu , Cheng Yu , Zhe Hu , Haoyu Xie , Guoqi Yu , Lei Shang , Shujun Wang

Modelling musical structure is vital yet challenging for artificial intelligence systems that generate symbolic music compositions. This literature review dissects the evolution of techniques for incorporating coherent structure, from…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Keshav Bhandari , Simon Colton

Reconstructing a structured vector-graphics representation from a rasterized floorplan image is typically an important prerequisite for computational tasks involving floorplans such as automated understanding or CAD workflows. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hao Phung , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

Autoregressive decoding is the only part of sequence-to-sequence models that prevents them from massive parallelization at inference time. Non-autoregressive models enable the decoder to generate all output symbols independently in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Jindřich Libovický , Jindřich Helcl
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