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Large Language Models are traditionally finetuned on large instruction datasets. However recent studies suggest that small, high-quality datasets can suffice for general purpose instruction following. This lack of consensus surrounding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Aditi Jha , Sam Havens , Jeremy Dohmann , Alex Trott , Jacob Portes

Plain language summaries (PLSs) are essential for facilitating effective communication between clinicians and patients by making complex medical information easier for laypeople to understand and act upon. Large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yue Guo , Jae Ho Sohn , Gondy Leroy , Trevor Cohen

Reasoning-oriented large language models (RLMs) achieve strong gains on tasks such as mathematics and coding by generating explicit intermediate reasoning. However, their impact on machine translation (MT) remains underexplored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sara Rajaee , Sebastian Vincent , Alexandre Berard , Marzieh Fadaee , Kelly Marchisio , Tom Kocmi

Large language models (LLMs) perform well on common tasks but struggle with generalization in low-resource and low-computation settings. We examine this limitation by testing various LLMs and specialized translation models on English-Thai…

The rapid expansion of large language models (LLMs) has heightened concerns about their computational and environmental costs. This study investigates the trade-offs between translation quality and efficiency by comparing full-scale,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dhaathri Vijay , Anandaswarup Vadapalli

The ability to rigorously estimate the failure rates of large language models (LLMs) is a prerequisite for their safe deployment. Currently, however, practitioners often face a tradeoff between expensive human gold standards and potentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Minghe Shen , Ananth Balashankar , Adam Fisch , David Madras , Miguel Rodrigues

The inaccurate translation of numbers can lead to significant security issues, ranging from financial setbacks to medical inaccuracies. While large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in machine translation, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Wei Tang , Jiawei Yu , Yuang Li , Yanqing Zhao , Weidong Zhang , Wei Feng , Min Zhang , Hao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in abstractive summarization tasks. However, their ability to precisely control summary attributes (e.g., length or topic) remains underexplored, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sangwon Ryu , Heejin Do , Daehee Kim , Hwanjo Yu , Dongwoo Kim , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee , Jungseul Ok

Human evaluation of modern high-quality machine translation systems is a difficult problem, and there is increasing evidence that inadequate evaluation procedures can lead to erroneous conclusions. While there has been considerable research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Markus Freitag , George Foster , David Grangier , Viresh Ratnakar , Qijun Tan , Wolfgang Macherey

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general scenarios, exhibiting a level of aptitude that approaches, in some aspects even surpasses, human-level intelligence. Among their numerous skills, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Zhiwei He , Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Yujiu Yang , Rui Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Xing Wang

Large language models (LLM) are generating information at a rapid pace, requiring users to increasingly rely and trust the data. Despite remarkable advances of LLM, Information generated by LLM is not completely trustworthy, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Rick Rejeleene , Xiaowei Xu , John Talburt

Ranking online reviews by their intrinsic quality is a critical task for e-commerce platforms and information services, impacting user experience and business outcomes. However, quality is a domain-dependent and dynamic concept, making its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xiaochong Lan , Jie Feng , Yinxing Liu , Xinlei Shi , Yong Li

Since the emergence of wireless communication networks, a plethora of research papers focus their attention on the quality aspects of wireless links. The analysis of the rich body of existing literature on link quality estimation using…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Gregor Cerar , Halil Yetgin , Mihael Mohorčič , Carolina Fortuna

Decisions by Machine Learning (ML) models have become ubiquitous. Trusting these decisions requires understanding how algorithms take them. Hence interpretability methods for ML are an active focus of research. A central problem in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Philipp Schmidt , Felix Biessmann

Progress in AI is often demonstrated by new models claiming improved performance on tasks measuring model capabilities. Evaluating language models can be particularly challenging, as choices of how a model is evaluated on a task can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yuling Gu , Oyvind Tafjord , Bailey Kuehl , Dany Haddad , Jesse Dodge , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Gender bias in machine translation (MT) systems has been extensively documented, but bias in automatic quality estimation (QE) metrics remains comparatively underexplored. Existing studies suggest that QE metrics can also exhibit gender…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Giorgos Filandrianos , Orfeas Menis Mastromichalakis , Wafaa Mohammed , Giuseppe Attanasio , Chrysoula Zerva

Machine Translation (MT) remains one of the last NLP tasks where large language models (LLMs) have not yet replaced dedicated supervised systems. This work exploits the complementary strengths of LLMs and supervised MT by guiding LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Dayeon Ki , Marine Carpuat

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various natural language processing tasks, yet their ability to perform multi-step logical reasoning remains an open challenge. Although Chain-of-Thought prompting has…

Post-editing machine translation (MT) for creative texts, such as literature, requires balancing efficiency with the preservation of creativity and style. While neural MT systems struggle with these challenges, large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Antonio Castaldo , Sheila Castilho , Joss Moorkens , Johanna Monti

The task of word-level quality estimation (QE) consists of taking a source sentence and machine-generated translation, and predicting which words in the output are correct and which are wrong. In this paper, propose a method to effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Junjie Hu , Wei-Cheng Chang , Yuexin Wu , Graham Neubig