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Diffractive surfaces shape optical wavefronts for applications in spectroscopy, high-speed communication, and imaging. The performance of these structures is primarily determined by how precisely they can be patterned. Fabrication…

A hybrid physical and geometrical optics method is proposed to model the subsurface imaging using mmWave FMCW radar. Modeling of the wave propagation for subsurface imaging can improve the interpretation of acquired data and imaging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Kaito Ichijo , Hang Song , Xin Du , Bo Wei , Junichi Takada

The multiplexing capability of metasurfaces has been successfully demonstrated in applications such as holography and diffractive neural networks. However, identifying a suitable structure that simultaneously satisfies the phase…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-12 Chenxuan Xiang , Jumin Qiu , Qiegen Liu , Shuyuan Xiao , Tingting Liu

Diffractive neural network (DNN), which can perform machine learning tasks based on the light propagation and diffraction, has recently emerged as a promising optical computing paradigm due to its high parallel processing speed and low…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yudong Tian , Haifeng Xu , Yuqing Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Jierong Cheng , Chongzhao Wu

The angular response of thin diffractive optical elements is highly correlated. For example, the angles of incidence and diffraction of a grating are locked through the grating momentum determined by the grating period. Other diffractive…

Current multispectral object detection methods often retain extraneous background or noise during feature fusion, limiting perceptual performance. To address this, we propose an innovative feature fusion framework based on cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jifeng Shen , Haibo Zhan , Xin Zuo , Heng Fan , Xiaohui Yuan , Jun Li , Wankou Yang

Recently, the joint design of optical systems and downstream algorithms is showing significant potential. However, existing rays-described methods are limited to optimizing geometric degradation, making it difficult to fully represent the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zheng Ren , Jingwen Zhou , Wenguan Zhang , Jiapu Yan , Bingkun Chen , Huajun Feng , Shiqi Chen

Recent advances in deep learning have been providing non-intuitive solutions to various inverse problems in optics. At the intersection of machine learning and optics, diffractive networks merge wave-optics with deep learning to design…

Surface plasmon resonances of metallic nanostructures offer great opportunities to guide and manipulate light on the nanoscale. In the design of novel plasmonic devices, a central topic is to clarify the intricate relationship between the…

Optics · Physics 2019-09-11 Sanghyeon Yu , Habib Ammari

Adaptive optics in combination with multi-photon techniques is a powerful approach to image deep into a specimen. Remarkably, virtually all adaptive optics schemes today rely on wavefront modulators which are reflective, diffractive, or…

As communication systems that employ millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands must use large antenna arrays to overcome the severe propagation loss of mmWave signals, hybrid beamforming has been considered as an integral component of mmWave…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Sung Hyuck Hong , Jaeyong Park , Sung-Jin Kim , Junil Choi

Relying on either deep models or physical models are two mainstream approaches for solving inverse sample reconstruction problems in programmable illumination computational microscopy. Solutions based on physical models possess strong…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Ruiqing Sun , Delong Yang , Shaohui Zhang , Qun Hao

Diffractive neural networks hold great promise for applications requiring intensive computational processing. Considerable attention has focused on diffractive networks for either spatially coherent or spatially incoherent illumination.…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-25 Matan Kleiner , Lior Michaeli , Tomer Michaeli

Metasurfaces are ultra-thin optical elements composed of engineered sub-wavelength structures that enable precise control of light. Their inverse design - determining a geometry that yields a desired optical response - is challenging due to…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-30 Liav Hen , Erez Yosef , Dan Raviv , Raja Giryes , Jacob Scheuer

Differentiable simulation of soft bodies is a foundation for system identification, trajectory optimization, and Real2Sim transfer. Yet, existing methods such as the differentiable Projective Dynamics (DiffPD) struggle when faced with…

We explore the connection between Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods and Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models (DDIM) for solving ill-posed inverse problems, with a focus on single-pixel imaging. We begin by identifying key distinctions between PnP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Xiaodong Wang , Ping Wang , Zhangyuan Li , Xin Yuan

Many adaptive optics systems operate by measuring the distortion of the wavefront in one wavelength range and performing the scientific observations in a second, different wavelength range. One common technique is to measure wavefront…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Henry G. Roe

Simulating spatiotemporal turbulence with high fidelity remains a cornerstone challenge in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) due to its intricate multiscale nature and prohibitive computational demands. Traditional approaches typically…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-01 Xiantao Fan , Deepak Akhare , Jian-Xun Wang

Adaptive optics can be used to mitigate the effects of atmospheric turbulence on imaging systems, but the correction is only partial, and deconvolution is often required to improve the resolution. This results in entire optical/digital…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-09 Florian Cheyssial , Laurent Mugnier , Cyril Petit

In computational optics, numerical modeling of diffraction between arbitrary planes offers unparalleled flexibility. However, existing methods suffer from the trade-off between computational accuracy and efficiency. To resolve this dilemma,…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-12 Yiwen Hu , Xin Liu , Shi Feng , Xu Liu , Xiang Hao