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Large language models (LLMs) are excellent few-shot learners. They can perform a wide variety of tasks purely based on natural language prompts provided to them. These prompts contain data of a specific downstream task -- often the private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Haonan Duan , Adam Dziedzic , Mohammad Yaghini , Nicolas Papernot , Franziska Boenisch

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have established pre-dominance in automated code generation, they are not devoid of shortcomings. The pertinent issues primarily relate to the absence of execution guarantees for generated code, a lack…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, fewer users are able to host and run models locally. This has led to increased use of third-party hosting services. However, in this setting, there is a lack of guarantees on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Arka Pal , Louai Zahran , William Gvozdjak , Akilesh Potti , Micah Goldblum

Large scale adoption of large language models has introduced a new era of convenient knowledge transfer for a slew of natural language processing tasks. However, these models also run the risk of undermining user trust by exposing unwanted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Richard Plant , Valerio Giuffrida , Dimitra Gkatzia

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly expanded their applications across various fields such as language generation, summarization, and complex question answering. However, their application to privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Bolong Yang , Manman Wang , Zongxing Xie , Peng Liu , Dan Cai , Junhui Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays extensively used for various types of software engineering tasks, primarily code generation. Previous research has shown how suitable prompt engineering could help developers in improving their code…

Due to the sensitive nature of personally identifiable information (PII), its owners may have the authority to control its inclusion or request its removal from large-language model (LLM) training. Beyond this, PII may be added or removed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Jaydeep Borkar , Matthew Jagielski , Katherine Lee , Niloofar Mireshghallah , David A. Smith , Christopher A. Choquette-Choo

The security of code generated by large language models (LLMs) is a significant concern, as studies indicate that such code often contains vulnerabilities and lacks essential defensive programming constructs. This work focuses on examining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Muhammad Usman Shahid , Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed , Rajiv Ranjan

Cascades are a common type of machine learning systems in which a large, remote model can be queried if a local model is not able to accurately label a user's data by itself. Serving stacks for large language models (LLMs) increasingly use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Florian Hartmann , Duc-Hieu Tran , Peter Kairouz , Victor Cărbune , Blaise Aguera y Arcas

Prompt serves as a crucial link in interacting with large language models (LLMs), widely impacting the accuracy and interpretability of model outputs. However, acquiring accurate and high-quality responses necessitates precise prompts,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiongtao Sun , Gan Liu , Zhipeng He , Hui Li , Xiaoguang Li

Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have enabled large language models (LLMs) to ground outputs in clinical evidence. However, connecting LLMs with external databases introduces the risk of contextual leakage: a subtle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shaowei Guan , Yu Zhai , Hin Chi Kwok , Jiawei Du , Xinyu Feng , Jing Li , Harry Qin , Vivian Hui

This paper investigates privacy jailbreaking in LLMs via steering, focusing on whether manipulating activations can bypass LLM alignment and alter response behaviors to privacy related queries (e.g., a certain public figure's sexual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Krishna Kanth Nakka , Xue Jiang , Dmitrii Usynin , Xuebing Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) for automatic code generation have achieved breakthroughs in several programming tasks. Their advances in competition-level programming problems have made them an essential pillar of AI-assisted pair…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hossein Hajipour , Keno Hassler , Thorsten Holz , Lea Schönherr , Mario Fritz

Recent advances in neural network based language models lead to successful deployments of such models, improving user experience in various applications. It has been demonstrated that strong performance of language models comes along with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Huseyin A. Inan , Osman Ramadan , Lukas Wutschitz , Daniel Jones , Victor Rühle , James Withers , Robert Sim

The drastic increase of large language models' (LLMs) parameters has led to a new research direction of fine-tuning-free downstream customization by prompts, i.e., task descriptions. While these prompt-based services (e.g. OpenAI's GPTs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Zi Liang , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Yaxin Xiao , Haoyang Li

This study compares state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) on their tendency to generate vulnerabilities when writing C programs using a neutral zero-shot prompt. Tihanyi et al. introduced the FormAI dataset at PROMISE'23, featuring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Norbert Tihanyi , Tamas Bisztray , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Ridhi Jain , Lucas C. Cordeiro

LLMs driven products were increasingly prevalent in our daily lives, With a natural language based interaction style, people may potentially leak their personal private information. Thus, privacy policy and user agreement played an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shuning Zhang , Haobin Xing , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in generating high-quality tabular synthetic data. In practice, two primary approaches have emerged for adapting LLMs to tabular data generation: (i) fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Joshua Ward , Bochao Gu , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

The rise of end-user applications powered by large language models (LLMs), including both conversational interfaces and add-ons to existing graphical user interfaces (GUIs), introduces new privacy challenges. However, many users remain…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Chaoran Chen , Daodao Zhou , Yanfang Ye , Toby Jia-jun Li , Yaxing Yao

We study privacy leakage in the reasoning traces of large reasoning models used as personal agents. Unlike final outputs, reasoning traces are often assumed to be internal and safe. We challenge this assumption by showing that reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Tommaso Green , Martin Gubri , Haritz Puerto , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh