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Vision-Language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often fail at systematic visual reasoning tasks, leading to inconsistent or illogical outputs. Neuro-symbolic methods promise to address this by inducing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Antonia Wüst , Wolfgang Stammer , Hikaru Shindo , Lukas Helff , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Writing specifications for computer programs is not easy since one has to take into account the disparate conceptual worlds of the application domain and of software development. To bridge this conceptual gap we propose controlled natural…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Norbert E. Fuchs , Rolf Schwitter

The convergence of deep learning and formal mathematics has spurred research in formal verification. Statement autoformalization, a crucial first step in this process, aims to translate informal descriptions into machine-verifiable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Shaoqi Wang , Lu Yu , Siwei Lou , Feng Yan , Chunjie Yang , Qing Cui , Jun Zhou

Automating Register Transfer Level (RTL) code generation using Large Language Models (LLMs) offers substantial promise for streamlining digital circuit design and reducing human effort. However, current LLM-based approaches face significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yiting Wang , Guoheng Sun , Wanghao Ye , Gang Qu , Ang Li

Recent work has shown that integrating large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers (TPs) in neuro-symbolic pipelines helps with entailment verification and proof-guided refinement of explanations for natural language inference (NLI).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

Complex logical reasoning tasks require a long sequence of reasoning, which a large language model (LLM) with chain-of-thought prompting still falls short. To alleviate this issue, neurosymbolic approaches incorporate a symbolic solver.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Hyun Ryu , Gyeongman Kim , Hyemin S. Lee , Eunho Yang

Pre-trained language models (LMs) have shown remarkable reasoning performance using explanations or chain-of-thoughts (CoT)) for in-context learning. On the other hand, these reasoning tasks are usually presumed to be more approachable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yi-Fan Zhang , Hanlin Zhang , Li Erran Li , Eric Xing

Automating hardware design could obviate a significant amount of human error from the engineering process and lead to fewer errors. Verilog is a popular hardware description language to model and design digital systems, thus generating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Zhenxing Fan , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Syntax-guided synthesis aims to find a program satisfying semantic specification as well as user-provided structural hypothesis. For syntax-guided synthesis there are two main search strategies: concrete search, which systematically or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Kangjing Huang , Xiaokang Qiu , Qi Tian , Yanjun Wang

Natural language explanations represent a proxy for evaluating explanation-based and multi-step Natural Language Inference (NLI) models. However, assessing the validity of explanations for NLI is challenging as it typically involves the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

This study empirically validates automated logical specification methods for behavioural models, focusing on their robustness, scalability, and reproducibility. By the systematic reproduction and extension of prior results, we confirm key…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Radoslaw Klimek , Jakub Semczyszyn

Generating accurate circuit schematics from high-level natural language descriptions remains a persistent challenge in electronic design automation (EDA), as large language models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate components, violate strict…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Khandakar Shakib Al Hasan , Syed Rifat Raiyan , Hasin Mahtab Alvee , Wahid Sadik

We present a method for synthesizing recursive functions that provably satisfy a given specification in the form of a polymorphic refinement type. We observe that such specifications are particularly suitable for program synthesis for two…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Nadia Polikarpova , Ivan Kuraj , Armando Solar-Lezama

The reactive synthesis problem consists of automatically producing correct-by-construction operational models of systems from high-level formal specifications of their behaviours. However, specifications are often unrealisable, meaning that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Matías Brizzio , Maxime Cordy , Mike Papadakis , César Sánchez , Nazareno Aguirre , Renzo Degiovanni

We introduce a tableau decision method for deciding realizability of specifications expressed in a safety fragment of LTL that includes bounded future temporal operators. Tableau decision procedures for temporal and modal logics have been…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Montserrat Hermo , Paqui Lucio , César Sánchez

Formal verification provides a rigorous and systematic approach to ensure the correctness and reliability of software systems. Yet, constructing specifications for the full proof relies on domain expertise and non-trivial manpower. In view…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Cheng Wen , Jialun Cao , Jie Su , Zhiwu Xu , Shengchao Qin , Mengda He , Haokun Li , Shing-Chi Cheung , Cong Tian

Recent years have seen the proposal of a number of neural architectures for the problem of Program Induction. Given a set of input-output examples, these architectures are able to learn mappings that generalize to new test inputs. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Emilio Parisotto , Abdel-rahman Mohamed , Rishabh Singh , Lihong Li , Dengyong Zhou , Pushmeet Kohli

Virtually all verification techniques using formal methods rely on the availability of a formal specification, which describes the design requirements precisely. However, formulating specifications remains a manual task that is notoriously…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Daniel Neider , Rajarshi Roy

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang

Translating natural language mathematical statements into formal, executable code is a fundamental challenge in automated theorem proving. While prior work has focused on generation and compilation success, little attention has been paid to…

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