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While Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have shown remarkable potential for solving complex tasks, existing systems remain heavily reliant on large-scale models, leaving the capabilities of edge-scale models largely underexplored. In…

Observational studies can yield clinically actionable evidence at scale, but executing them on real-world databases is open-ended and requires coherent decisions across cohort construction, analysis, and reporting. Prior evaluations of LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Dubai Li , Yuxiang He , Yan Hu , Yu Tian , Jingsong Li

Efficient agentic systems should incur expensive frontier-model costs only on decisions where a cheaper local model is likely to fail. Existing LLM cascades usually route whole queries before execution, but task difficulty shifts…

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving from passive engines of text generation into agentic entities that can plan, remember, invoke external tools, and co-operate with one another. This perspective paper investigates how such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Reza Yousefi Maragheh , Yashar Deldjoo

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly used to assist with operations research (OR) modeling, yet existing OR-oriented benchmarks often reduce evaluation to one-shot translation from a self-contained problem statement into a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chenyu Zhou , Xinyun Lu , Jiangyue Zhao , Jianghao Lin , Dongdong Ge , Yinyu Ye

Recent advances in large language models have sparked growing interest in AI agents capable of solving complex, real-world tasks. However, most existing agent systems rely on manually crafted configurations that remain static after…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinyuan Fang , Yanwen Peng , Xi Zhang , Yingxu Wang , Xinhao Yi , Guibin Zhang , Yi Xu , Bin Wu , Siwei Liu , Zihao Li , Zhaochun Ren , Nikos Aletras , Xi Wang , Han Zhou , Zaiqiao Meng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of text-generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with problems requiring multi-step decision-making and environmental feedback, such as online…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenfang Chen , Delin Chen , Rui Sun , Wenjun Liu , Chuang Gan

To close the gap between LLM-based agents and humans in planning and reasoning, agents need large-scale, diverse environments for continuous learning -- yet building such environments is itself prohibitively expensive. We present C-World,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziqiao Xi , Shuang Liang , Qi Liu , Jiaqing Zhang , Letian Peng , Fang Nan , Meshal Nayim , Tianhui Zhang , Rishika Mundada , Lianhui Qin , Biwei Huang , Kun Zhou

Extracting actionable insights from complex value stream map simulations can be challenging, time-consuming, and error-prone. Recent advances in large language models offer new avenues to support users with this task. While existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Micha Selak , Dirk Krechel , Adrian Ulges , Sven Spieckermann , Niklas Stoehr , Andreas Loehr

LLM-based agents can autonomously accomplish complex tasks across various domains. However, to further cultivate capabilities such as adaptive behavior and long-term decision-making, training on static datasets built from human-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuchen Huang , Sijia Li , Minghao Liu , Wei Liu , Shijue Huang , Zhiyuan Fan , Hou Pong Chan , Yi R. Fung

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) systems have shown strong potential for language-driven robotic manipulation. However, scaling them to long-horizon tasks remains challenging. Existing pipelines typically separate data collection, policy…

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on agentic capabilities-iterative retrieval, tool use, and decision-making-to overcome the limits of static, parametric knowledge. Yet existing agentic frameworks treat external information as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuanfu Sun , Kang Li , Dongzhe Fan , Jiajin Liu , Qiaoyu Tan

Agentic systems are modern software systems: they consist of orchestrated modules, expose interfaces, and are deployed in software pipelines. Unlike conventional programs, their execution, i.e., trajectories, is inherently stochastic and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuyang Liu , Yang Chen , Rahul Krishna , Saurabh Sinha , Jatin Ganhotra , Reyhan Jabbarvand

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhance their problem-solving capability by utilizing external tools. However, in open-world scenarios with massive and evolving tool repositories, existing methods relying on static embedding retrieval or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Shouzheng Huang , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Recent advanced LLM-powered agent systems have exhibited their remarkable capabilities in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. Nevertheless, they still suffer from inherent limitations in resource efficiency, context management, and…

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating code, from competitive programming to repository-level software engineering. In emerging agentic systems, code is no longer only a…

Despite the growing capabilities of autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs), their adoption in high-stakes domains remains limited. A key barrier is security: the inherently nondeterministic behavior of LLM agents defies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Adam AlSayyad , Kelvin Yuxiang Huang , Richik Pal

The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) is a pivotal standard for automating data rights management. However, the inherent logical complexity of authorization policies, combined with the scarcity of high-quality "Natural Language-to-ODRL"…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wanle Zhong , Keman Huang , Xiaoyong Du

The learning from practice paradigm is crucial for developing capable Agentic AI systems, yet it is severely hampered by inefficient experience generation, a bottleneck especially pronounced in complex benchmarks like GAIA. To address this,…

AI agents are increasingly deployed in multi-tenant cloud environments, where they execute diverse tool calls within sandboxed containers, each call with distinct resource demands and rapid fluctuations. We present a systematic…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yusheng Zheng , Jiakun Fan , Quanzhi Fu , Yiwei Yang , Wei Zhang , Andi Quinn