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We present a novel spectral embedding of graphs that incorporates weights assigned to the nodes, quantifying their relative importance. This spectral embedding is based on the first eigenvectors of some properly normalized version of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Thomas Bonald , Alexandre Hollocou , Marc Lelarge

In the Survivable Network Design Problem (SNDP), the input is an edge-weighted (di)graph $G$ and an integer $r_{uv}$ for every pair of vertices $u,v\in V(G)$. The objective is to construct a subgraph $H$ of minimum weight which contains…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Manu Basavaraju , Pranabendu Misra , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh

Suppose a finite, unweighted, combinatorial graph $G = (V,E)$ is the union of several (degree-)regular graphs which are then additionally connected with a few additional edges. $G$ will then have only a small number of vertices $v \in V$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Tony Zeng

Let $G$ be a graph, and let $\lambda(G)$ denote the smallest eigenvalue of $G$. First, we provide an upper bound for $\lambda(G)$ based on induced bipartite subgraphs of $G$. Consequently, we extract two other upper bounds, one relying on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Aryan Esmailpour , Sara Saeedi Madani , Dariush Kiani

A graph $G$ is well-covered if all its maximal independent sets are of the same cardinality. Assume that a weight function $w$ is defined on its vertices. Then $G$ is $w$-well-covered if all maximal independent sets are of the same weight.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Vadim E. Levit , David Tankus

Graph rigidity, the study of vertex realizations in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and the motions that preserve the induced edge lengths, has been the focus of extensive research for decades. Its equivalency to graph connectivity for $d=1$ is well known;…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Juan F. Presenza , Ignacio Mas , Juan I. Giribet , J. Ignacio Alvarez-Hamelin

For a given graph $\mathcal{G}$ of order $n$ with $m$ edges, and a real symmetric matrix associated to the graph, $M\left(\mathcal{G}\right)\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$, the interlacing graph reduction problem is to find a graph…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Noam Leiter , Daniel Zelazo

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. An ordering of $G$ is a bijection $\alpha: V\dom \{1,2,..., |V|\}.$ For a vertex $v$ in $G$, its closed neighborhood is $N[v]=\{u\in V: uv\in E\}\cup \{v\}.$ The profile of an ordering $\alpha$ of $G$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gregory Gutin , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

Graph embedding seeks to build a low-dimensional representation of a graph G. This low-dimensional representation is then used for various downstream tasks. One popular approach is Laplacian Eigenmaps, which constructs a graph embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Leo Torres , Kevin S Chan , Tina Eliassi-Rad

A bar-joint framework $(G,p)$ in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^d$ is globally rigid if it is the unique realisation, up to rigid congruences, of $G$ in $\mathbb{E}^d$ with the edge lengths of $(G,p)$. Building on key results of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Sean Dewar , John Hewetson , Anthony Nixon

A graph $G$ is $[a,b]$-covered if for each edge $e$ of $G$ there is an $[a,b]$-factor containing it. For $a=b=1$, an $[a,b]$-covered graph is a matching covered graph. The structural theory of matching covered graphs constitutes a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Qixuan Yuan , Ruifang Liu , Jinjiang Yuan

Comparing structured data from possibly different metric-measure spaces is a fundamental task in machine learning, with applications in, e.g., graph classification. The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) discrepancy formulates a coupling between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Hongwei Jin , Zishun Yu , Xinhua Zhang

The second-largest eigenvalue and second-smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph are measures of its connectivity. These eigenvalues can be used to analyze the robustness, resilience, and synchronizability of networks, and are related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-20 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Xavier Martinez-Rivera , O Suil , Jingmei Zhang

Unsupervised graph alignment aims to find the node correspondence across different graphs without any anchor node pairs. Despite the recent efforts utilizing deep learning-based techniques, such as the embedding and optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Songyang Chen , Youfang Lin , Yu Liu , Shuai Zheng , Lei Zou

In this paper a tight lower bound for algebraic connectivity of graphs (second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of the graph) based on connection-graph-stability method is introduced. The connection-graph-stability score for each…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-16 Ali Ajdari Rad , Mahdi Jalili , Martin Hasler

We introduce the Graph Sylvester Embedding (GSE), an unsupervised graph representation of local similarity, connectivity, and global structure. GSE uses the solution of the Sylvester equation to capture both network structure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Shay Deutsch , Stefano Soatto

We propose an efficient $\epsilon$-differentially private algorithm, that given a simple {\em weighted} $n$-vertex, $m$-edge graph $G$ with a \emph{maximum unweighted} degree $\Delta(G) \leq n-1$, outputs a synthetic graph which…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Jingcheng Liu , Jalaj Upadhyay , Zongrui Zou

We introduce an unsupervised graph embedding that trades off local node similarity and connectivity, and global structure. The embedding is based on a generalized graph Laplacian, whose eigenvectors compactly capture both network structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Shay Deutsch , Stefano Soatto

The toughness $t(G)$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is defined as $t(G)=\min\{\frac{|S|}{c(G-S)}\}$, in which the minimum is taken over all $S\subset V$ such that $G-S$ is disconnected, where $c(G-S)$ denotes the number of components of $G-S$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-09 Xiaofeng Gu , Willem H. Haemers

A set of vertices $S$ \emph{resolves} a connected graph $G$ if every vertex is uniquely determined by its vector of distances to the vertices in $S$. The \emph{metric dimension} of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a resolving set of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-21 Carmen Hernando , Merce Mora , Ignacio M. Pelayo , Carlos Seara , David R. Wood