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Being able to effectively identify clouds and monitor their evolution is one important step toward more accurate quantitative precipitation estimation and forecast. In this study, a new gradient-based cloud-image segmentation technique is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Negin Hayatbini , Kuo-lin Hsu , Soroosh Sorooshian , Yunji Zhang , Fuqing Zhang

Learning dynamical systems from incomplete or noisy data is inherently ill-posed, as a single observation may correspond to multiple plausible futures. While physics-based ensemble forecasting relies on perturbing initial states to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Siddharth Rout , Eldad Haber , Stephane Gaudreault

We present, motivate, and evaluate Radar Maxima, a calibrated area-based probabilistic forecast product for heavy precipitation. It is designed to overcome inherent limitations of point-based forecasts, which often yield low probabilities…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Reinhold Hess

Weather forecasting is essential for facilitating diverse socio-economic activity and environmental conservation initiatives. Deep learning techniques are increasingly being explored as complementary approaches to Numerical Weather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Marco Turzi , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Geophysical inverse problems are often ill-posed and admit multiple solutions. Conventional discriminative methods typically yield a single deterministic solution, which fails to model the posterior distribution, cannot generate diverse…

Stochastic weather generators (SWGs) are digital twins of complex weather processes and widely used in agriculture and urban design. Due to improved measuring instruments, an accurate SWG for high-frequency precipitation is now possible.…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-12 Yuxiao Li , Ying Sun

While AI-based numerical weather prediction (NWP) enables rapid forecasting, generating high-resolution outputs remains computationally demanding due to limited multi-scale adaptability and inefficient data representations. We propose the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Tao Han , Zhibin Wen , Zhenghao Chen , Fenghua Lin , Junyu Gao , Song Guo , Lei Bai

The stable operation of off-grid photovoltaic systems requires accurate, computationally efficient solar forecasting. Contemporary deep learning models often suffer from massive computational overhead and physical blindness, generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mohammed Ezzaldin Babiker Abdullah

A chained hydrologic-hydraulic model is implemented using predicted runoff from a large-scale hydrologic model (namely ISBA-CTRIP) as inputs to local hydrodynamic models (TELEMAC-2D) to issue forecasts of water level and flood extent. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Thanh Huy Nguyen , Andrea Piacentini , Sophie Ricci , Ludovic Cassan , Simon Munier , Quentin Bonassies , Raquel Rodriguez-Suquet

Reliable river flow forecasting is an essential component of flood risk management and early warning systems. It enables improved emergency response coordination and is critical for protecting infrastructure, communities, and ecosystems…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-15 Gabriele Bertoli , Kai Schroeter , Rossella Arcucci , Enrica Caporali

Deep generative models offer a powerful alternative to conventional channel estimation by learning complex channel distributions. By integrating the rich environmental information available in modern sensing-aided networks, this paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xiaotian Fan , Xingyu Zhou , Le Liang , Xiao Li , Shi Jin

Merging satellite products and ground-based measurements is often required for obtaining precipitation datasets that simultaneously cover large regions with high density and are more accurate than pure satellite precipitation products.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Georgia Papacharalampous , Hristos Tyralis , Anastasios Doulamis , Nikolaos Doulamis

We seek statistical methods to study the occurrence of multiple rain types observed by satellite on a global scale. The main scientific interests are to relate rainfall occurrence with various atmospheric state variables and to study the…

Applications · Statistics 2018-01-03 Mikyoung Jun , Courtney Schumacher , R. Saravanan

In this paper we present results from the NEFOCAST project, funded by the Tuscany Region, aiming at detecting and estimating rainfall fields from the opportunistic use of the rain-induced excess attenuation incurred in the downlink channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-25 Filippo Giannetti , Marco Moretti , Ruggero Reggiannini , Attilio Vaccaro

This work discusses how to choose performance measures to compare numerical simulations of a flood event with one satellite image, e.g., in a model calibration or validation procedure. A series of criterion are proposed to evaluate the…

This study aims to develop and improve machine learning-based post-processing models for precipitation, temperature, and wind speed predictions using the Mesoscale Model (MSM) dataset provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) for 18…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Kazuma Iwase , Tomoyuki Takenawa

Accurate precipitation estimates at individual locations are crucial for weather forecasting and spatial analysis. This study presents a paradigm shift by leveraging Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to surpass traditional methods like Kriging…

Precipitation nowcasting based on radar data plays a crucial role in extreme weather prediction and has broad implications for disaster management. Despite progresses have been made based on deep learning, two key challenges of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Junchao Gong , Lei Bai , Peng Ye , Wanghan Xu , Na Liu , Jianhua Dai , Xiaokang Yang , Wanli Ouyang

Inference on the extremal behaviour of spatial aggregates of precipitation is important for quantifying river flood risk. There are two classes of previous approach, with one failing to ensure self-consistency in inference across different…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-22 Jordan Richards , Jonathan A. Tawn , Simon Brown

Seismic acoustic impedance plays a crucial role in lithological identification and subsurface structure interpretation. However, due to the inherently ill-posed nature of the inversion problem, directly estimating impedance from post-stack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jie Chen , Hongling Chen , Jinghuai Gao , Chuangji Meng , Tao Yang , XinXin Liang