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Accurate rainfall forecasting is critical because it has a great impact on people's social and economic activities. Recent trends on various literatures show that Deep Learning (Neural Network) is a promising methodology to tackle many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Seongchan Kim , Seungkyun Hong , Minsu Joh , Sa-kwang Song

Precipitation results from complex processes across many scales, making its accurate simulation in Earth system models (ESMs) challenging. Existing post-processing methods can improve ESM simulations locally, but cannot correct errors in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Philipp Hess , Markus Drüke , Stefan Petri , Felix M. Strnad , Niklas Boers

Deep-learning precipitation nowcasting models are often optimized using pointwise losses such as mean squared error or mean absolute error, which can lead to overly smooth forecasts and poor representation of heavy rainfall. This study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gijs van Nieuwkoop , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Precipitation forecasting remains a persistent challenge in tropical regions like Vietnam, where complex topography and convective instability often limit the accuracy of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. While data-driven…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Huyen Ngoc Tran , Dung Trung Tran , Hong Nguyen , Xuan Vu Phan , Nam-Phong Nguyen

Gridded estimated rainfall intensity values at very high spatial and temporal resolution levels are needed as main inputs for weather prediction models to obtain accurate precipitation forecasts, and to verify the performance of…

Applications · Statistics 2009-01-23 Montserrat Fuentes , Brian Reich , Gyuwon Lee

High-resolution climatic data are essential to many applications in environmental research. Here we develop a new semi-mechanistic downscaling approach for daily precipitation that incorporates high resolution (30 arc sec) satellite-derived…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Dirk Nikolaus Karger , Adam M. Wilson , Colin Mahony , Niklaus E. Zimmermann , Walter Jetz

An accurate and precise understanding of global irrigation usage is crucial for a variety of climate science efforts. Irrigation is highly energy-intensive, and as population growth continues at its current pace, increases in crop need and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Weixin , Wu , Sonal Thakkar , Will Hawkins , Hossein Vahabi , Alberto Todeschini

With the goal of making high-resolution forecasts of regional rainfall, precipitation nowcasting has become an important and fundamental technology underlying various public services ranging from rainstorm warnings to flight safety.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Xingjian Shi , Zhihan Gao , Leonard Lausen , Hao Wang , Dit-Yan Yeung , Wai-kin Wong , Wang-chun Woo

As the frequency and severity of climate-related events such as droughts, floods, and water scarcity continue to escalate, accurate rainfall monitoring becomes increasingly critical. This paper covers various industry methods of measuring…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Parth Saxena , Pratham Saxena , Adarsh Sowcar , Sreeharsha Angara , Ashutosh Pandey , Thomas Basikolo

Designing early warning system for precipitation requires accurate short-term forecasting system. Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events, and hence such systems can prevent disasters and loss of life.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Ajitabh Kumar

Climate change has caused reductions in river runoffs and aquifer recharge resulting in an increasingly unsustainable crop water demand from reduced freshwater availability. Achieving food security while deploying water in a sustainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Chitra Agastya , Sirak Ghebremusse , Ian Anderson , Colorado Reed , Hossein Vahabi , Alberto Todeschini

Future climate change scenarios are usually hypothesized using simulations from weather generators. However, there only a few works comparing and evaluating promising deep learning models for weather generation against classical approaches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Jorge Guevara , Dario Borges , Campbell Watson , Bianca Zadrozny

Nowcasting leverages real-time atmospheric conditions to forecast weather over short periods. State-of-the-art models, including PySTEPS, encounter difficulties in accurately forecasting extreme weather events because of their unpredictable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Junzhe Yin , Cristian Meo , Ankush Roy , Zeineh Bou Cher , Yanbo Wang , Ruben Imhoff , Remko Uijlenhoet , Justin Dauwels

The hazard of pluvial flooding is largely influenced by the spatial and temporal dependence characteristics of precipitation. When extreme precipitation possesses strong spatial dependence, the risk of flooding is amplified due to catchment…

Applications · Statistics 2020-08-03 Gregory P. Bopp , Benjamin A. Shaby , Chris E. Forest , Alfonso Mejía

Rainfall prediction at the kilometre-scale up to a few hours in the future is key for planning and safety. But it is challenging given the complex influence of climate change on cloud processes and the limited skill of weather models at…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 S. Moran , B. Demir , F. Serva , B. Le Saux

Recent deep learning approaches for river discharge forecasting have improved the accuracy and efficiency in flood forecasting, enabling more reliable early warning systems for risk management. Nevertheless, existing deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mohamad Hakam Shams Eddin , Yikui Zhang , Stefan Kollet , Juergen Gall

Accurate rainfall data are crucial for effective climate services, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where agriculture depends heavily on rain-fed systems. The sparse distribution of rain-gauge networks necessitates reliance on satellite…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-14 John Bagiliko , David Stern , Denis Ndanguza , Francis Feehi Torgbor

This paper introduces Precipitation Attention-based U-Net (PAUNet), a deep learning architecture for predicting precipitation from satellite radiance data, addressing the challenges of the Weather4cast 2023 competition. PAUNet is a variant…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 P. Jyoteeshkumar Reddy , Harish Baki , Sandeep Chinta , Richard Matear , John Taylor

Data scarcity is a primary obstacle in developing robust Machine Learning (ML) models for detecting rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones. Traditional data augmentation techniques (rotation, flipping, brightness adjustment) fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Marawan Yakout , Tannistha Maiti , Monira Majhabeen , Tarry Singh

Diffusion models have been widely adopted in image generation, producing higher-quality and more diverse samples than generative adversarial networks (GANs). We introduce a latent diffusion model (LDM) for precipitation nowcasting -…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Jussi Leinonen , Ulrich Hamann , Daniele Nerini , Urs Germann , Gabriele Franch