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As autonomous vehicles are rolled out, measures must be taken to ensure their safe operation. In order to supervise a system that is already in operation, monitoring frameworks are frequently employed. These run continuously online in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Alexander Fertig , Karthikeyan Chandra Sekaran , Lakshman Balasubramanian , Michael Botsch

Inspired by the success of generative pretraining in natural language, we ask whether the same principles can yield strong self-supervised visual learners. Instead of training models to output features for downstream use, we train them to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Sihan Xu , Ziqiao Ma , Wenhao Chai , Xuweiyi Chen , Weiyang Jin , Joyce Chai , Saining Xie , Stella X. Yu

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced Earth sciences, yet its full potential in to comprehensively modeling Earth's complex dynamics remains unrealized. Geoscience foundation models (GFMs) emerge as a paradigm-shifting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Hao Zhang , Jin-Jian Xu , Hong-Wei Cui , Lin Li , Yaowen Yang , Chao-Sheng Tang , Niklas Boers

Underwater fish detection (UFD) remains a challenging task in computer vision due to low object resolution, significant background interference, and high visual similarity between targets and surroundings. Existing approaches primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jinsong Yang , Zeyuan Hu , Yichen Li

The paradigm of Earth Observation analysis is shifting from static deep learning models to autonomous agentic AI. Although recent vision foundation models and multimodal large language models advance representation learning, they often lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Niloufar Alipour Talemi , Julia Boone , Fatemeh Afghah

We present V-JEPA 2.1, a family of self-supervised models that learn dense, high-quality visual representations for both images and videos while retaining strong global scene understanding. The approach combines four key components. First,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Lorenzo Mur-Labadia , Matthew Muckley , Amir Bar , Mido Assran , Koustuv Sinha , Mike Rabbat , Yann LeCun , Nicolas Ballas , Adrien Bardes

World models learned from high-dimensional visual observations allow agents to make decisions and plan directly in latent space, avoiding pixel-level reconstruction. However, recent latent predictive architectures (JEPAs), including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Leonardo F. Toso , Davit Shadunts , Yunyang Lu , Nihal Sharma , Donglin Zhan , Nam H. Nguyen , James Anderson

Foundation Models (FMs) are large-scale, pre-trained artificial intelligence (AI) systems that have revolutionized natural language processing and computer vision, and are now advancing geospatial analysis and Earth Observation (EO). They…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Pedram Ghamisi , Weikang Yu , Xiaokang Zhang , Aldino Rizaldy , Jian Wang , Chufeng Zhou , Richard Gloaguen , Gustau Camps-Valls

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for learning visual representations without manual annotations, yet most methods still operate on a single modality and therefore miss the complementary structure available from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ciem Cornelissen , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

New UAV technologies and the NewSpace era are transforming Earth Observation missions and data acquisition. Numerous small platforms generate large data volume, straining bandwidth and requiring onboard decision-making to transmit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Cédric Léonard , Dirk Stober , Martin Schulz

While recent advances in machine learning have equipped Weather Foundation Models (WFMs) with substantial generalization capabilities across diverse downstream tasks, the escalating computational requirements associated with their expanding…

Trajectory similarity computation is an essential technique for analyzing moving patterns of spatial data across various applications such as traffic management, wildlife tracking, and location-based services. Modern methods often apply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Lihuan Li , Hao Xue , Yang Song , Flora Salim

The geotechnical evaluation of seabed sediments is important for engineering projects and naval applications, offering valuable insights into sediment properties, behavior, and strength. Obtaining high-quality seabed samples can be a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Md Rejwanur Rahman , Adrian Rodriguez-Marek , Nina Stark , Grace Massey , Carl Friedrichs , Kelly M. Dorgan

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Foundation models (FMs), pre-trained on massive unlabelled datasets, have the potential to drastically change AI applications in ocean science, where labelled data are often sparse and expensive to collect. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Geoffrey Dawson , Remy Vandaele , Andrew Taylor , David Moffat , Helen Tamura-Wicks , Sarah Jackson , Rosie Lickorish , Paolo Fraccaro , Hywel Williams , Chunbo Luo , Anne Jones

Joint compression of point cloud geometry and attributes is essential for efficient 3D data representation. Existing methods often rely on post-hoc recoloring procedures and manually tuned bitrate allocation between geometry and attribute…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Kai-Hsiang Hsieh , Monyneath Yim , Wen-Hsiao Peng , Jui-Chiu Chiang

A long-standing challenge in AI is to develop agents capable of solving a wide range of physical tasks and generalizing to new, unseen tasks and environments. A popular recent approach involves training a world model from state-action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Basile Terver , Tsung-Yen Yang , Jean Ponce , Adrien Bardes , Yann LeCun

We introduce DeepFleet, a suite of foundation models designed to support coordination and planning for large-scale mobile robot fleets. These models are trained on fleet movement data, including robot positions, goals, and interactions,…

On-device intelligence for weather forecasting uses local deep learning models to analyze weather patterns without centralized cloud computing, holds significance for supporting human activates. Federated Learning is a promising solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Shengchao Chen , Guodong Long , Tao Shen , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Benchmarking the performance of complex systems such as rail networks, renewable generation assets and national economies is central to transport planning, regulation and macroeconomic analysis. Classical frontier methods, notably Data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jia Ming Li , Anupriya , Daniel J. Graham

Weather foundation models (WFMs) have recently set new benchmarks in global forecast skill, yet their concrete value for the weather-sensitive infrastructure that powers modern society remains largely unexplored. In this study, we fine-tune…