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Conditional GANs are widely used in translating an image from one category to another. Meaningful conditions to GANs provide greater flexibility and control over the nature of the target domain synthetic data. Existing conditional GANs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Binod Bhattarai , Tae-Kyun Kim

The rapid adaptation ability of auto-regressive foundation models is often attributed to the diversity of their pre-training data. This is because, from a Bayesian standpoint, minimizing prediction error in such settings requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Leo Gagnon , Eric Elmoznino , Sarthak Mittal , Tom Marty , Tejas Kasetty , Dhanya Sridhar , Guillaume Lajoie

Non-autoregressive (NAR) generative models are valuable because they can handle diverse conditional generation tasks in a more principled way than their autoregressive (AR) counterparts, which are constrained by sequential dependency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Anji Liu , Xuejie Liu , Dayuan Zhao , Mathias Niepert , Yitao Liang , Guy Van den Broeck

Subword tokenization introduces a computational layer in language models where many distinct token sequences decode to the same surface form and preserve meaning, yet induce different internal computations. Despite this non-uniqueness,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Adrian Cosma , Stefan Ruseti , Emilian Radoi , Mihai Dascalu

We present an approach to pose object recognition as next token prediction. The idea is to apply a language decoder that auto-regressively predicts the text tokens from image embeddings to form labels. To ground this prediction process in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Kaiyu Yue , Bor-Chun Chen , Jonas Geiping , Hengduo Li , Tom Goldstein , Ser-Nam Lim

Generative recommender systems have recently attracted attention by formulating next-item prediction as an autoregressive sequence generation task. However, most existing methods optimize standard next-token likelihood and implicitly treat…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wei-Ning Chiu , Chuan-Ju Wang , Pu-Jen Cheng

The ultimate goal of regression analysis is to obtain information about the conditional distribution of a response given a set of explanatory variables. This goal is, however, seldom achieved because most established regression models only…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-13 Torsten Hothorn , Thomas Kneib , Peter Bühlmann

Transformers have become the dominant architecture for sequence modeling tasks such as natural language processing or audio processing, and they are now even considered for tasks that are not naturally sequential such as image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jorg Bornschein , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki

Science and technology have a growing need for effective mechanisms that ensure reliable, controlled performance from black-box machine learning algorithms. These performance guarantees should ideally hold conditionally on the input-that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Vincent Blot , Anastasios N Angelopoulos , Michael I Jordan , Nicolas J-B Brunel

Recurrent Neural Networks can be trained to produce sequences of tokens given some input, as exemplified by recent results in machine translation and image captioning. The current approach to training them consists of maximizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Samy Bengio , Oriol Vinyals , Navdeep Jaitly , Noam Shazeer

While there is much recent interest in studying why Transformer-based large language models make predictions the way they do, the complex computations performed within each layer have made their behavior somewhat opaque. To mitigate this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Byung-Doh Oh , William Schuler

The next-token prediction (NTP) objective trains language models to predict a single token at each step, even though many continuations can express the same meaning. For example, in the sentence ``this sticker can be placed here'',…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Christine Zhang , Dan Jurafsky , Chen Shani

Large language models display remarkable capabilities in logical and mathematical reasoning, allowing them to solve complex tasks. Interestingly, these abilities emerge in networks trained on the simple task of next-token prediction. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Eran Malach

Most neural networks utilize the same amount of compute for every example independent of the inherent complexity of the input. Further, methods that adapt the amount of computation to the example focus on finding a fixed inference-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Ankur Bapna , Naveen Arivazhagan , Orhan Firat

Some autoregressive models exhibit in-context learning capabilities: being able to learn as an input sequence is processed, without undergoing any parameter changes, and without being explicitly trained to do so. The origins of this…

Transformers replace recurrence with a memory that grows with sequence length and self-attention that enables ad-hoc lookups over past tokens. Consequently, they lack an inherent incentive to compress history into compact latent states with…

Transformers have exhibited exceptional capabilities in sequence modeling tasks, leveraging self-attention and in-context learning. Critical to this success are induction heads, attention circuits that enable copying tokens based on their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Francesco D'Angelo , Francesco Croce , Nicolas Flammarion

Set prediction is about learning to predict a collection of unordered variables with unknown interrelations. Training such models with set losses imposes the structure of a metric space over sets. We focus on stochastic and underdefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 David W. Zhang , Gertjan J. Burghouts , Cees G. M. Snoek

The unsupervised Pretraining method has been widely used in aiding human action recognition. However, existing methods focus on reconstructing the already present frames rather than generating frames which happen in future.In this paper, We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Yu Runsheng , Shi Zhenyu , Ma Qiongxiong , Qing Laiyun

Inference from large autoregressive models like Transformers is slow - decoding K tokens takes K serial runs of the model. In this work we introduce speculative decoding - an algorithm to sample from autoregressive models faster without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yaniv Leviathan , Matan Kalman , Yossi Matias