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With the breakthrough progress of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing and multimodal tasks, efficiently deploying them on resource-constrained edge devices has become a critical challenge. The Mixture of Experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Tuo Zhang , Ning Li , Xin Yuan , Wenchao Xu , Quan Chen , Song Guo , Haijun Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) effectively scales large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) by increasing capacity through sparse activation. However, preloading all experts into memory and activating multiple experts per…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wei Huang , Yue Liao , Yukang Chen , Jianhui Liu , Haoru Tan , Si Liu , Shiming Zhang , Shuicheng Yan , Xiaojuan Qi

Today, large language models have demonstrated their strengths in various tasks ranging from reasoning, code generation, and complex problem solving. However, this advancement comes with a high computational cost and memory requirements,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Meriem Bouzouad , Yuan-Hao Chang , Jalil Boukhobza

The burgeoning computational demands for training large language models (LLMs) necessitate efficient methods, including quantized training, which leverages low-bit arithmetic operations to reduce costs. While FP8 precision has shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiecheng Zhou , Ding Tang , Rong Fu , Boni Hu , Haoran Xu , Yi Wang , Zhilin Pei , Zhongling Su , Liang Liu , Xingcheng Zhang , Weiming Zhang

Mixed-precision inference techniques reduce the memory and computational demands of Large Language Models (LLMs) by applying hybrid precision formats to model weights, activations, and KV caches. However, existing systems struggle to (i)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Li Zhang , Youhe Jiang , Guoliang He , Xin Chen , Han Lv , Qian Yao , Ningsheng Ma , Fangcheng Fu , Kai Chen

KV cache quantization reduces the memory cost of long-context LLM inference, but introduces approximation error that is typically validated only empirically. Existing systems rely on average-case robustness, with no mechanism to detect or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Dean Calver

Multi-frame video enhancement tasks aim to improve the spatial and temporal resolution and quality of video sequences by leveraging temporal information from multiple frames, which are widely used in streaming video processing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 ZhanFeng Feng , Long Peng , Xin Di , Yong Guo , Wenbo Li , Yulun Zhang , Renjing Pei , Yang Wang , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various tasks, but deploying them for inference poses challenges. Their high resource demands often necessitate complex, costly multi-GPU pipelines, or the use of smaller,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Runsheng Bai , Bo Liu , Qiang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown an impressive capability in code generation. The LLM effectiveness generally increases with its size: The higher the number of LLM's trainable parameters the better its ability to implement code.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Alessandro Giagnorio , Antonio Mastropaolo , Saima Afrin , Massimiliano Di Penta , Gabriele Bavota

As inference on Large Language Models (LLMs) emerges as an important workload in machine learning applications, weight quantization has become a standard technique for efficient GPU deployment. Quantization not only reduces model size, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Elias Frantar , Roberto L. Castro , Jiale Chen , Torsten Hoefler , Dan Alistarh

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder their widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) a more practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Xiuying Wei , Zhiwei Dong , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

Efficiently deploying deep neural networks on low-resource edge devices is challenging due to their ever-increasing resource requirements. To address this issue, researchers have proposed multiplication-free neural networks, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xinlin Li , Bang Liu , Rui Heng Yang , Vanessa Courville , Chao Xing , Vahid Partovi Nia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are integral to tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering, but their high computational cost, driven by large memory footprints and processing time, limits their scalability and real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yutong Wang , Haiyu Wang , Sai Qian Zhang

Deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) on edge platforms is critical for real-time, privacy-sensitive generative AI, yet constrained by memory, latency, and energy budgets. Quantization reduces model size and cost but suffers from device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Jangseon Park , Onat Gungor , Flavio Ponzina , Tajana Rosing

Model quantization has become a crucial technique to address the issues of large memory consumption and long inference times associated with LLMs. Mixed-precision quantization, which distinguishes between important and unimportant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yifan Tan , Haoze Wang , Chao Yan , Yangdong Deng

The significant resource requirements associated with Large-scale Language Models (LLMs) have generated considerable interest in the development of techniques aimed at compressing and accelerating neural networks. Among these techniques,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuexiao Ma , Huixia Li , Xiawu Zheng , Feng Ling , Xuefeng Xiao , Rui Wang , Shilei Wen , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

Quantum error correction (QEC) is indispensable for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its effectiveness hinges critically on the classical decoding algorithm that interprets noisy syndrome measurements. Among all possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Hanyan Cao , Ge Yan , Yuxuan Du , Feng Pan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) are increasingly deployed in domains where both reliability and efficiency are critical. However, current models remain overconfident, producing highly certain but incorrect answers. At the same time,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Paul Jonas Kurz , Tobias Jan Wieczorek , Mohamed A. Abdelsalam , Rahaf Aljundi , Marcus Rohrbach

In this work we show that the size versus accuracy trade-off of neural network quantization can be significantly improved by increasing the quantization dimensionality. We propose the GPTVQ method, a new fast method for post-training vector…

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). While many studies focus on quantizing both weights and activations, it is still a challenge to maintain the accuracy of LLM after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Wenyuan Liu , Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Yan Wang
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