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In the real world, agents often have to operate in situations with incomplete information, limited sensing capabilities, and inherently stochastic environments, making individual observations incomplete and unreliable. Moreover, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Akshat Agarwal , Abhinau Kumar , Kyle Dunovan , Erik Peterson , Timothy Verstynen , Katia Sycara

Safety evaluation for advanced AI systems assumes that behavior observed under evaluation predicts behavior in deployment. This assumption weakens for agents with situational awareness, which may exploit regime leakage, cues distinguishing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Igor Santos-Grueiro

Production deployment of AI coding agents requires fast, reproducible evaluation signals. Existing industrial practices trade off speed and fidelity: online A/B testing takes weeks and risks user experience, shadow deployment yields signals…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Smriti Jha , Matteo Paltenghi , Chandra Maddila , Vijayaraghavan Murali , Shubham Ugare , Satish Chandra

Automatically generating feedback via large language models (LLMs) in intelligent tutoring systems and online learning platforms has the potential to improve the learning outcomes of many students. However, both feedback generation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Alexander Scarlatos , Digory Smith , Simon Woodhead , Andrew Lan

Large language model (LLM)-based coding agents achieve impressive results on controlled benchmarks yet routinely produce pull requests that real maintainers reject. The root cause is not functional incorrectness but a lack of organicity:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mo Li , L. H. Xu , Qitai Tan , Ting Cao , Yunxin Liu

LLMs enable qualitative coding at large scale, but assessing reliability remains challenging where human experts seldom agree. We investigate confidence-diversity calibration as a quality assessment framework for accessible coding tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhilong Zhao , Yindi Liu

Software testing is a crucial phase in the software development lifecycle (SDLC), ensuring that products meet necessary functional, performance, and quality benchmarks before release. Despite advancements in automation, traditional methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohammad Baqar , Rajat Khanda

Conventional deep models predict a test sample with a single forward propagation, which, however, may not be sufficient for predicting hard-classified samples. On the contrary, we human beings may need to carefully check the sample many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Shuaicheng Niu , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Guanghui Xu , Haokun Li , Peilin Zhao , Junzhou Huang , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan

Automated AI research holds great potential to accelerate scientific discovery. However, current LLMs often generate plausible-looking but ineffective ideas. Execution grounding may help, but it is unclear whether automated execution is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Chenglei Si , Zitong Yang , Yejin Choi , Emmanuel Candès , Diyi Yang , Tatsunori Hashimoto

A resource leak occurs when a program fails to release a finite resource like a socket, file descriptor or database connection. While sound static analysis tools can detect all leaks, automatically repairing them remains challenging. Prior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sanjay Malakar , Michael D. Ernst , Martin Kellogg , Manu Sridharan

With widespread adoption of AI models for important decision making, ensuring reliability of such models remains an important challenge. In this paper, we present an end-to-end generic framework for testing AI Models which performs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Aniya Aggarwal , Samiulla Shaikh , Sandeep Hans , Swastik Haldar , Rema Ananthanarayanan , Diptikalyan Saha

The development and deployment of safe and dependable AI models is crucial in applications where functional safety is a key concern. Given the rapid advancement in AI research and the relative novelty of the safe-AI domain, there is an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Suzana Veljanovska , Hans Dermot Doran

Data lakehouses run sensitive workloads, where AI-driven automation raises concerns about trust, correctness, and governance. We argue that API-first, programmable lakehouses provide the right abstractions for safe-by-design, agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jacopo Tagliabue , Ciro Greco

Edge artificial intelligence (AI) will be a central part of 6G, with powerful edge servers supporting devices in performing machine learning (ML) inference. However, it is challenging to deliver the latency and accuracy guarantees required…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Anders E. Kalør , Tomoaki Ohtsuki

We study the task of replicating the functionality of black-box neural models, for which we only know the output class probabilities provided for a set of input images. We assume back-propagation through the black-box model is not possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Antonio Barbalau , Adrian Cosma , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Marius Popescu

The rapid adoption of AI agents across domains has made systematic evaluation crucial for ensuring their usefulness and successful production deployment. Evaluation of AI agents typically involves using a fixed set of benchmarks and…

In the era of Model-as-a-Service, organizations increasingly rely on third-party AI models for rapid deployment. However, the dynamic nature of emerging AI applications, the continual introduction of new datasets, and the growing number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zihan Zhu , Yanqiu Wu , Qiongkai Xu

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential to accelerate systematic literature reviews (SLRs), yet current approaches often rely on brittle, manually crafted prompts that compromise reliability and reproducibility. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Teo Susnjak

As generative AI models such as large language models (LLMs) become more pervasive, ensuring the safety, robustness, and overall trustworthiness of these systems is paramount. However, AI is currently facing a reproducibility crisis driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Deepak Pandita , Flip Korn , Chris Welty , Christopher M. Homan

The training and deployment of large language models (LLMs) create a feedback loop with human users: models learn human beliefs from data, reinforce these beliefs with generated content, reabsorb the reinforced beliefs, and feed them back…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Tianyi Alex Qiu , Zhonghao He , Tejasveer Chugh , Max Kleiman-Weiner