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Analog Content Addressable Memories (aCAMs) have proven useful for associative in-memory computing applications like Decision Trees, Finite State Machines, and Hyper-dimensional Computing. While non-volatile implementations using FeFETs and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Paul-Philipp Manea , Nathan Leroux , Emre Neftci , John Paul Strachan

The continuous shift of computational bottlenecks to the memory access and data transfer, especially for AI applications, poses the urgent needs of re-engineering the computer architecture fundamentals. Many edge computing applications,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-31 Georgios Papandroulidakis , Shady Agwa , Ahmet Cirakoglu , Themis Prodromakis

Content addressable memory is popular in intelligent computing systems as it allows parallel content-searching in memory. Emerging CAMs show a promising increase in bitcell density and a decrease in power consumption than pure CMOS…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Yihan Pan , Adrian Wheeldon , Mohammed Mughal , Shady Agwa , Themis Prodromakis , Alexantrou Serb

To address the increasing computational demands of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, compute-in-memory (CIM) integrates memory and processing units into the same physical location, reducing the time and energy overhead of the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Xiwen Liu , Keshava Katti , Yunfei He , Paul Jacob , Claudia Richter , Uwe Schroeder , Santosh Kurinec , Pratik Chaudhari , Deep Jariwala

A low-power Content-Addressable-Memory (CAM) is introduced employing a new mechanism for associativity between the input tags and the corresponding address of the output data. The proposed architecture is based on a recently developed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Hooman Jarollahi , Vincent Gripon , Naoya Onizawa , Warren J. Gross

Recent advances in machine learning and neuro-inspired systems enabled the increased interest in efficient pattern recognition at the edge. A wide variety of applications, such as near-sensor classification, require fast and low-power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-31 Patrick Foster , Georgios Papandroulidakis , Alex Serb , Spyros Stathopoulos Themis Prodromakis

The energy efficiency of analog computing-in-memory (ACIM) accelerator for recurrent neural networks, particularly long short-term memory (LSTM) network, is limited by the high proportion of nonlinear (NL) operations typically executed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Junyi Yang , Xinyu Luo , Ye Ke , Zheng Wang , Hongyang Shang , Shuai Dong , Zhengnan Fu , Xiaofeng Yang , Hongjie Liu , Arindam Basu

Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) are considered a key-enabler for in-memory computing (IMC). IMC shows order of magnitude improvement in energy efficiency and throughput compared to traditional computing techniques. Recently, analog CAMs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Jinane Bazzi , Jana Sweidan , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Ahmed M. Eltawil

Large-capacity Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a key element in a wide variety of applications. The inevitable complexities of scaling MOS transistors introduce a major challenge in the realization of such systems. Convergence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Kamran Eshraghian , Kyoung Rok Cho , Omid Kavehei , Soon-Ku Kang , Derek Abbott , Sung-Mo Steve Kang

A Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a memory primarily designed for high speed search operation. Parallel search scheme forms the basis of CAM, thus power reduction is the challenge associated with a large amount of parallel active…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Mohammed Zackriya. , Harish M Kittur

A content-addressable-memory compares an input search word against all rows of stored words in an array in a highly parallel manner. While supplying a very powerful functionality for many applications in pattern matching and search, it…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Can Li , Catherine E. Graves , Xia Sheng , Darrin Miller , Martin Foltin , Giacomo Pedretti , John Paul Strachan

In this paper we present a comprehensive design and benchmarking study of Content Addressable Memory (CAM) at the 7nm technology node in the context of similarity search applications. We design CAM cells based on SRAM, spin-orbit torque,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Siri Narla , Piyush Kumar , Mohammad Adnaan , Azad Naeemi

Decision trees are considered one of the most powerful tools for data classification. Accelerating the decision tree search is crucial for on-the-edge applications that have limited power and latency budget. In this paper, we propose a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Mariam Rakka , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Fadi Kurdahi

Ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) has been a critical component in caches, routers, etc., in which density, speed, power efficiency, and reliability are the major design targets. There have been the conventional low-write-power but…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Hongtao Zhong , Shengjie Cao , Huazhong Yang , Xueqing Li

We introduce \emph{Adaptive RAG Memory} (ARM), a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework that replaces a static vector index with a \emph{dynamic} memory substrate governed by selective remembrance and decay. Frequently retrieved…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Okan Bursa

We present an implementation of edge AI to compress data on an in-memory analog content-addressable memory (ACAM) device. A variational autoencoder is trained on a simulated sample of energy measurements from incident high-energy electrons…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-19 Rajat Gupta , Yuvaraj Elangovan , Tae Min Hong , James Ignowski , John Moon , Aishwarya Natarajan , Stephen Roche , Luca Buonanno

Content addressable memory (CAM) stands out as an efficient hardware solution for memory-intensive search operations by supporting parallel computation in memory. However, developing a CAM-based accelerator architecture that achieves…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Mengyuan Li , Shiyi Liu , Mohammad Mehdi Sharifi , X. Sharon Hu

SoCs are now designed with their own AI accelerator segment to accommodate the ever-increasing demand of Deep Learning (DL) applications. With powerful MAC engines for matrix multiplications, these accelerators show high computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Kaniz Mishty , Mehdi Sadi

The SRAM cell is made up of latch, which ensures that the cell data is preserved as long as power is turned on and refresh operation is not required for the SRAM cell. SRAM is widely used for on-chip cache memory in microprocessors, game…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Apollos Ezeogu

Ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs) are being actively investigated with the potential for in-memory computing (IMC) over other non-volatile memories (NVMs). Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) are a form of IMC that performs…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Xunzhao Yin , Chao Li , Qingrong Huang , Li Zhang , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Cheng Zhuo , Kai Ni
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