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Transformer architectures have emerged as promising deep learning (DL) tools for modeling complex sequence-to-sequence interactions in channel decoding. However, current transformer-based decoders for error correction codes (ECCs)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Hongzhi Zhu , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You

Noise robustness remains a critical challenge for deploying neural speech codecs in real-world acoustic scenarios where background noise is often inevitable. A key observation we make is that even slight input noise perturbations can cause…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Rui-Chen Zheng , Yang Ai , Hui-Peng Du , Li-Rong Dai

Learning compact and meaningful latent space representations has been shown to be very useful in generative modeling tasks for visual data. One particular example is applying Vector Quantization (VQ) in variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xin Li , Anand Sarwate

Recent efforts target spoken language models (SLMs) that not only listen but also speak for more natural human-LLM interaction. Joint speech-text modeling is a promising direction to achieve this. However, the effectiveness of recent speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Liang-Hsuan Tseng , Yi-Chang Chen , Kuan-Yi Lee , Da-Shan Shiu , Hung-yi Lee

Neural speech codecs have demonstrated their ability to compress high-quality speech and audio by converting them into discrete token representations. Most existing methods utilize Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) to encode speech into…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Peiji Yang , Fengping Wang , Yicheng Zhong , Huawei Wei , Zhisheng Wang

The field of Text-to-Speech has experienced huge improvements last years benefiting from deep learning techniques. Producing realistic speech becomes possible now. As a consequence, the research on the control of the expressiveness,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Noé Tits , Fengna Wang , Kevin El Haddad , Vincent Pagel , Thierry Dutoit

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning and planning when trained on chainof-thought (CoT) data, where the step-by-step thought process is explicitly outlined by text tokens. However, this results in lengthy inputs where many words…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 DiJia Su , Hanlin Zhu , Yingchen Xu , Jiantao Jiao , Yuandong Tian , Qinqing Zheng

Discrete audio tokens derived from self-supervised learning models have gained widespread usage in speech generation. However, current practice of directly utilizing audio tokens poses challenges for sequence modeling due to the length of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Feiyu Shen , Yiwei Guo , Chenpeng Du , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang

Since Text-to-Speech systems typically don't produce waveforms directly, recent spoof detection studies use resynthesized waveforms from vocoders and neural audio codecs to simulate an attacker. Unlike vocoders, which are specifically…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Yixuan Xiao , Florian Lux , Alejandro Pérez-González-de-Martos , Ngoc Thang Vu

In recent years, speech enhancement (SE) has achieved impressive progress with the success of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, the DNN approach usually fails to generalize well to unseen environmental noise that is not included in the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-09 Haoyu Li , Junichi Yamagishi

Natural language is widely used to describe, prompt, and control audio systems, but rarely serves as the representation carrying audio itself. We introduce lexical acoustic coding (LAC), a framework in which pre-trained LLM sender and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Emanuele Rossi , Emanuele Rodolà

Quantum error correction allows inherently noisy quantum devices to emulate an ideal quantum computer with reasonable resource overhead. As a crucial component, decoding architectures have received significant attention recently. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Kai Zhang , Jubo Xu , Fang Zhang , Linghang Kong , Zhengfeng Ji , Jianxin Chen

The recent success of the generative model shows that leveraging the multi-modal embedding space can manipulate an image using text information. However, manipulating an image with other sources rather than text, such as sound, is not easy…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Seung Hyun Lee , Wonseok Roh , Wonmin Byeon , Sang Ho Yoon , Chan Young Kim , Jinkyu Kim , Sangpil Kim

Visual tokenizers play a central role in latent image generation by bridging high-dimensional images and tractable generative modeling. However, most existing tokenizers are still trained with reconstruction-dominated objectives, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Qingfeng Li , Haoxian Zhang , Xu He , Songlin Tang , Zhixue Fang , Xiaoqiang Liu , Pengfei Wan Guoqi Li

Recent advancements in end-to-end neural speech codecs enable compressing audio at extremely low bitrates while maintaining high-fidelity reconstruction. Meanwhile, low computational complexity and low latency are crucial for real-time…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Leyan Yang , Ronghui Hu , Yang Xu , Jing Lu

Recent advances in visual generation have emphasized the importance of Latent Generative Models (LGMs), which critically depend on effective visual tokenizers to bridge pixels and semantic representations. However, tokenizers constructed on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Mingkai Jia , Mingxiao Li , Zhijian Shu , Anlin Zheng , Liaoyuan Fan , Jiaxin Guo , Tianxing Shi , Dongyue Lu , Zeming Li , Xiaoyang Guo , Xiaojuan Qi , Xiao-Xiao Long , Qian Zhang , Ping Tan , Wei Yin

The ubiquity of sound synthesizers has reshaped music production and even entirely defined new music genres. However, the increasing complexity and number of parameters in modern synthesizers make them harder to master. Hence, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Philippe Esling , Naotake Masuda , Adrien Bardet , Romeo Despres , Axel Chemla--Romeu-Santos

We propose Text-Aligned Speech Tokens with Multiple Layer-Aggregation (TASLA), which is a text-aligned speech tokenization framework that aims to address the problem that under a low-frame-rate and text-aligned regime, single-source speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ming-Hao Hsu , Liang-Hsuan Tseng , Hung-yi Lee , Zhizheng Wu

Audio coding is an essential module in the real-time communication system. Neural audio codecs can compress audio samples with a low bitrate due to the strong modeling and generative capabilities of deep neural networks. To address the poor…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Wenzhe Liu , Wei Xiao , Meng Wang , Shan Yang , Yupeng Shi , Yuyong Kang , Dan Su , Shidong Shang , Dong Yu