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Related papers: SkillGen: Verified Inference-Time Agent Skill Synt…

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Real-world tool-using agents operate over long-horizon workflows with recurring structure and diverse demands, where effective behavior requires not only invoking atomic tools but also abstracting, and reusing higher-level tool…

Large Language Model-based agents have garnered significant attention and are becoming increasingly popular. Furthermore, planning ability is a crucial component of an LLM-based agent, which generally entails achieving a desired goal from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Mengkang Hu , Pu Zhao , Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Jianguang Lou , Qingwei Lin , Ping Luo , Saravan Rajmohan

LLM agents are evolving rapidly, powered by code execution, tools, and the recently introduced agent skills feature. Skills allow users to extend LLM applications with specialized third-party code, knowledge, and instructions. Although this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 David Schmotz , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko

Recently, skills have been widely adopted in large language model (LLM)-based agent systems across various domains. In existing frameworks, skills are typically injected into the agent reasoning loop as contextual guidance once matched to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Duling Xu , Zheng Chen , Zaifeng Pan , Jiawei Guan , Dong Dong , Jialin Li , Bangzheng Pu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly benefited from training on diverse, high-quality task-specific data, leading to impressive performance across a range of downstream applications. Current methods often rely on human-annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Qintong Li , Jiahui Gao , Sheng Wang , Renjie Pi , Xueliang Zhao , Chuan Wu , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

Extending the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with functions or tools for environment interaction has led to the emergence of the agent paradigm. In industry, training an LLM is not always feasible because of the scarcity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Saptarshi Sengupta , Harsh Vashistha , Kristal Curtis , Akshay Mallipeddi , Abhinav Mathur , Joseph Ross , Liang Gou

As large language models (LLMs) advance, their inability to autonomously execute tasks by directly interacting with external tools remains a critical limitation. Traditional methods rely on inputting tool descriptions as context, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Renxi Wang , Xudong Han , Lei Ji , Shu Wang , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

LLM-based mobile GUI agents treat every task invocation as an independent reasoning episode, requiring a full LLM inference call at each action step. This per-step dependence makes them stateless: a task completed successfully yesterday is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qijia Chen , Andrea Bellucci , Zhida Sun , Giulio Jacucci

LLM agents now draw on growing skill libraries to handle complex tasks. However, injecting more skills does not always improve task completion and can even degrade it. Existing methods still treat skill injection as a static step, selecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yanchao Li , Wanhao Liu , Ben Gao , Jiaqing Xie , Zhehong Ai , Na Zou , Yuqiang Li , Tianfan Fu

Agentic large language models often rely on skills, reusable natural language procedures that guide planning, action, and tool use. In practice, skills are typically improved through prompt engineering or by aligning the task LLM itself,…

Long-horizon LLM agents leave traces that could become reusable experience, but raw trajectories are noisy and hard to govern. We treat Agent Skills as an experience schema that couples executable scripts, with non-executable guidance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hongyi Liu , Haoyan Yang , Tao Jiang , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

A persistent skill library allows language model agents to reuse successful strategies across tasks. Maintaining such a library requires three coupled capabilities. The agent selects a relevant skill, utilizes it during execution, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Zhengxi Lu , Yuchun Miao , Shugui Liu , Qi GU , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on reusable skills: capability packages that combine instructions, control flow, constraints, and tool calls. In current agent systems, however, skills are still represented by text-heavy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Qiliang Liang , Hansi Wang , Zhong Liang , Yang Liu

An agent skill is a configuration package that equips an LLM-driven agent with a concrete capability, such as reading email, executing shell commands, or signing blockchain transactions. Each skill is a hybrid artifact-a structured half…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hongbo Wen , Ying Li , Hanzhi Liu , Chaofan Shou , Yanju Chen , Yuan Tian , Yu Feng

Long-horizon manipulation has been a long-standing challenge in the robotics community. We propose ReinforceGen, a system that combines task decomposition, data generation, imitation learning, and motion planning to form an initial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zihan Zhou , Animesh Garg , Ajay Mandlekar , Caelan Garrett

Recent advances in Text-to-SQL have largely focused on the SQLite dialect, neglecting the diverse landscape of SQL dialects like BigQuery and PostgreSQL. This limitation is due to the diversity in SQL syntaxes and functions, along with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mohammadreza Pourreza , Ruoxi Sun , Hailong Li , Lesly Miculicich , Tomas Pfister , Sercan O. Arik

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have developed rapidly in recent years to solve complex real-world problems using external tools. However, the scarcity of high-quality trajectories still hinders the development of stronger LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Chen Yang , Ran Le , Yun Xing , Zhenwei An , Zongchao Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang

Large language model (LLM) agents such as OpenClaw rely on reusable skills to perform complex tasks, yet these skills remain largely static after deployment. As a result, similar workflows, tool usage patterns, and failure modes are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ziyu Ma , Shidong Yang , Yuxiang Ji , Xucong Wang , Yong Wang , Yiming Hu , Tongwen Huang , Xiangxiang Chu

The LLM-as-a-judge paradigm enables flexible, user-defined evaluation, but its effectiveness is often limited by the scarcity of diverse, representative data for refining criteria. We present a tool that integrates synthetic data generation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hyo Jin Do , Zahra Ashktorab , Jasmina Gajcin , Erik Miehling , Martín Santillán Cooper , Qian Pan , Elizabeth M. Daly , Werner Geyer

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years has realized many applications in various domains. Being trained with a huge of amount of data coming from various sources, LLMs can be deployed to solve different tasks,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Duc S. H. Nguyen , Bach G. Truong , Phuong T. Nguyen , Juri Di Rocco , Davide Di Ruscio