English
Related papers

Related papers: Equivariant Reinforcement Learning for Clifford Qu…

200 papers

Clifford circuit optimization is an important step in the quantum compilation pipeline. Major compilers employ heuristic approaches. While they are fast, their results are often suboptimal. Minimization of noisy gates, like 2-qubit CNOT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Irfansha Shaik , Jaco van de Pol

This paper demonstrates the integration of Reinforcement Learning (RL) into quantum transpiling workflows, significantly enhancing the synthesis and routing of quantum circuits. By employing RL, we achieve near-optimal synthesis of Linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 David Kremer , Victor Villar , Hanhee Paik , Ivan Duran , Ismael Faro , Juan Cruz-Benito

The utility of a quantum computer depends heavily on the ability to reliably perform accurate quantum logic operations. For finding optimal control solutions, it is of particular interest to explore model-free approaches, since their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-17 Ho Nam Nguyen , Felix Motzoi , Mekena Metcalf , K. Birgitta Whaley , Marin Bukov , Markus Schmitt

We give a novel procedure for approximating general single-qubit unitaries from a finite universal gate set by reducing the problem to a novel magnitude approximation problem, achieving an immediate improvement in sequence length by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Kristin Lauter , Romy Minko , Adam Paetznick , Christophe Petit

We present two deterministic algorithms to approximate single-qutrit gates. These algorithms utilize the Clifford + $\mathbf{R}$ group to find the best approximation of diagonal rotations. The first algorithm exhaustively searches over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu

There are various gate sets that can be used to describe a quantum computation. A particularly popular gate set in the literature on quantum computing consists of arbitrary single-qubit gates and 2-qubit CNOT gates. A CNOT gate is however…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 John van de Wetering

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is critical for harnessing the potential of near-term quantum devices. Particularly, QEM protocols can be designed based on machine learning, where the mapping between noisy computational outputs and ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Ruiqi Zhang , Yuguo Shao , Fuchuan Wei , Song Cheng , Zhaohui Wei , Zhengwei Liu

Resource-efficient and high-precision approximate synthesis of quantum circuits expressed in the Clifford+T gate set is vital for Fault-Tolerant quantum computing. Efficient optimal methods are known for single-qubit RZ unitaries, otherwise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Mathias Weiden , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Ed Younis , Costin Iancu

In this work, we report on a novel quantum gate approximation algorithm based on the application of parametric two-qubit gates in the synthesis process. The utilization of these parametric two-qubit gates in the circuit design allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Péter Rakyta , Zoltán Zimborás

Quantum computing carries significant potential for addressing practical problems. However, currently available quantum devices suffer from noisy quantum gates, which degrade the fidelity of executed quantum circuits. Therefore, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ji Liu , Alvin Gonzales , Benchen Huang , Zain Hamid Saleem , Paul Hovland

Clifford Circuit Initializaton improves on initial guess of parameters on Parametric Quantum Circuits (PQCs) by leveraging efficient simulation of circuits made out of gates from the Clifford Group. The parameter space is pre-optimized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Théo Lisart-Liebermann , Arcesio Castañeda Medina

The problem of decomposing an arbitrary Clifford element into a sequence of Clifford gates is known as Clifford synthesis. Drawing inspiration from similarities between this and the famous Rubik's Cube problem, we develop a machine learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Ning Bao , Gavin S. Hartnett

We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning (RL) method for optimizing quantum circuits using graph-theoretic simplification rules of ZX-diagrams. The agent, trained using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm, employs Graph Neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-04 Jordi Riu , Jan Nogué , Gerard Vilaplana , Artur Garcia-Saez , Marta P. Estarellas

Circuit synthesis is the task of decomposing a given logical functionality into a sequence of elementary gates. It is (depth-)optimal if it is impossible to achieve the desired functionality with even shorter circuits. Optimal synthesis is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Tom Peham , Nina Brandl , Richard Kueng , Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer

In fault-tolerant quantum circuit synthesis, T gates supplied via magic states dominate space-time cost, while Clifford gates incur negligible overhead. Conventional flows minimize AND count in an {XOR, AND, NOT} basis as a proxy for T,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Hanyu Wang , Mingfei Yu , Xinrui Wu , Jason Cong

We developed a general framework for synthesizing target gates by using a finite set of basic gates, which is a crucial step in quantum compilation. When approximating a gate in SU($n$), a naive brute-force search requires a computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Soichiro Yamazaki , Seiseki Akibue

Quantum circuit optimization is a central task in Quantum Computing, as current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum devices suffer from error propagation that often scales with the number of operations. Among quantum operations, the CNOT gate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jacopo Cossio , Daniele Lizzio Bosco , Riccardo Romanello , Giuseppe Serra , Carla Piazza

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Gerhard W. Dueck , Anirban Pathak , Md Mazder Rahman , Abhishek Shukla , Anindita Banerjee

We present an algorithm that decomposes any $n$-qubit Clifford operator into a circuit consisting of three subcircuits containing only CNOT or CPHASE gates with layers of one-qubit gates before and after each of these subcircuits. As with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Timothy Proctor , Kevin Young

Digital quantum simulation is a promising application for quantum computers. Their free programmability provides the potential to simulate the unitary evolution of any many-body Hamiltonian with bounded spectrum by discretizing the time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Adrien Bolens , Markus Heyl