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RISC-V GPUs present a promising path for supporting GPU applications. Traditionally, GPUs achieve high efficiency through the SPMD (Single Program Multiple Data) programming model. However, modern GPU programming increasingly relies on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Huanzhi Pu , Rishabh Ravi , Shinnung Jeong , Udit Subramanya , Euijun Chung , Jisheng Zhao , Chihyo Ahn , Hyesoon Kim

The ever-growing scale of data parallelism in today's HPC and ML applications presents a big challenge for computing architectures' energy efficiency and performance. Vector processors address the scale-up challenge by decoupling Vector…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Navaneeth Kunhi Purayil , Matteo Perotti , Tim Fischer , Luca Benini

The emergence of heterogeneity and domain-specific architectures targeting deep learning inference show great potential for enabling the deployment of modern CNNs on resource-constrained embedded platforms. A significant development is the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Dmitri Lyalikov

Large language models (LLMs) trained via reinforcement learning with verifiable reward (RLVR) have achieved breakthroughs on tasks with explicit, automatable verification, such as software programming and mathematical problems. Extending…

This project enables RISC-V microkernel support in IREE, an MLIR-based machine learning compiler and runtime. The approach begins by enabling the lowering of MLIR linalg dialect contraction ops to linalg.mmt4d op for the RISC-V64 target…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Adeel Ahmad , Ahmad Tameem Kamal , Nouman Amir , Bilal Zafar , Saad Bin Nasir

General matrix-vector multiplication (GeMV) remains a critical latency bottleneck in large language model (LLM) inference, even with quantized low-bit models. Processing-Using-DRAM (PUD), an analog in-DRAM computing technique, has the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Tatsuya Kubo , Daichi Tokuda , Tomoya Nagatani , Masayuki Usui , Lei Qu , Ting Cao , Shinya Takamaeda-Yamazaki

Vector processing is crucial for boosting processor performance and efficiency, particularly with data-parallel tasks. The RISC-V "V" Vector Extension (RVV) enhances algorithm efficiency by supporting vector registers of dynamic sizes and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Siyi Xu , Limin Jiang , Yintao Liu , Yihao Shen , Yi Shi , Shan Cao , Zhiyuan Jiang

The pace of RISC-V adoption continues to grow rapidly, yet for the successes enjoyed in areas such as embedded computing, RISC-V is yet to gain ubiquity in High Performance Computing (HPC). The Sophon SG2044 is SOPHGO's next generation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Nick Brown

Crary and Sullivan's Relaxed Memory Calculus (RMC) proposed a new declarative approach for writing low-level shared memory concurrent programs in the presence of modern relaxed-memory multi-processor architectures and optimizing compilers.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Michael J. Sullivan , Karl Crary , Salil Joshi

Register Transfer Level (RTL) simulation is widely used in design space exploration, verification, debugging, and preliminary performance evaluation for hardware design. Among various RTL simulation approaches, software simulation is the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Lu Chen , Dingyi Zhao , Zihao Yu , Ninghui Sun , Yungang Bao

Modern data-driven applications expose limitations of von Neumann architectures - extensive data movement, low throughput, and poor energy efficiency. Accelerators improve performance but lack flexibility and require data transfers.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Vincenzo Petrolo , Flavia Guella , Michele Caon , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Guido Masera , Maurizio Martina

Recent trends in the HPC field have introduced new CPU architectures with improved vectorization capabilities that require optimization to achieve peak performance and thus pose challenges for performance portability. The deployment of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Gianmarco Accordi , Jens Domke , Theresa Pollinger , Davide Gadioli , Gianluca Palermo

Relevance vector machine (RVM) can be seen as a probabilistic version of support vector machines which is able to produce sparse solutions by linearly weighting a small number of basis functions instead using all of them. Regardless of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Farhood Rismanchian , Karim Rahimian

The application of large-language models (LLMs) to digital hardware code generation is an emerging field, with most LLMs primarily trained on natural language and software code. Hardware code like Verilog constitutes a small portion of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Nathaniel Pinckney , Christopher Batten , Mingjie Liu , Haoxing Ren , Brucek Khailany

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) leverage massive parallelism and large memory bandwidth to support high-performance computing applications, such as multimedia rendering, crypto-mining, deep learning, and natural language processing. These…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Nurlan Nazaraliyev , Elaheh Sadredini , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Computation in-memory is a promising non-von Neumann approach aiming at completely diminishing the data transfer to and from the memory subsystem. Although a lot of architectures have been proposed, compiler support for such architectures…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Kanishkan Vadivel , Lorenzo Chelini , Ali BanaGozar , Gagandeep Singh , Stefano Corda , Roel Jordans , Henk Corporaal

Vector processor architectures offer an efficient solution for accelerating data-parallel workloads (e.g., ML, AI), reducing instruction count, and enhancing processing efficiency. This is evidenced by the increasing adoption of vector…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Matteo Perotti , Vincenzo Maisto , Moritz Imfeld , Nils Wistoff , Alessandro Cilardo , Luca Benini

Despite decades of efforts to resolve, memory safety violations are still persistent and problematic in modern systems. Various defense mechanisms have been proposed, but their deployment in real systems remains challenging because of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Yonghae Kim , Anurag Kar , Jaewon Lee , Jaekyu Lee , Hyesoon Kim

GCC and LLVM underpin much of modern software infrastructure, relying on distinct Intermediate Representations (IRs) to drive optimizations and code generation. However, the semantic and structural differences between these IRs create…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Andrea Valenzuela Ramirez , Cristian Gutierrez-Gomez , Marta Barroso , Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Sara Royuela

Flexible Electronics (FE) technology offers uniquecharacteristics in electronic manufacturing, providing ultra-low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally-friendly alternatives totraditional rigid electronics. These characteristics enable a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Polykarpos Vergos , Theofanis Vergos , Florentia Afentaki , Konstantinos Balaskas , Georgios Zervakis