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The attention module, which is a crucial component in Transformer, cannot scale efficiently to long sequences due to its quadratic complexity. Many works focus on approximating the dot-then-exponentiate softmax function in the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Shengjie Luo , Shanda Li , Tianle Cai , Di He , Dinglan Peng , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

Relative Positional Encoding (RPE), which encodes the relative distance between any pair of tokens, is one of the most successful modifications to the original Transformer. As far as we know, theoretical understanding of the RPE-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Shengjie Luo , Shanda Li , Shuxin Zheng , Tie-Yan Liu , Liwei Wang , Di He

We propose a new class of linear Transformers called FourierLearner-Transformers (FLTs), which incorporate a wide range of relative positional encoding mechanisms (RPEs). These include regular RPE techniques applied for sequential data, as…

In Transformer-based architectures, the attention mechanism is inherently permutation-invariant with respect to the input sequence's tokens. To impose sequential order, token positions are typically encoded using a scheme with either fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Giorgio Angelotti

We conducted empirical experiments to assess the transferability of a light curve transformer to datasets with different cadences and magnitude distributions using various positional encodings (PEs). We proposed a new approach to…

Neural operators have emerged as promising frameworks for learning mappings governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), serving as data-driven alternatives to traditional numerical methods. While methods such as the Fourier neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Minsu Koh , Beom-Chul Park , Heejo Kong , Seong-Whan Lee

Benefiting from the capability of building inter-dependencies among channels or spatial locations, attention mechanisms have been extensively studied and broadly used in a variety of computer vision tasks recently. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Diganta Misra , Trikay Nalamada , Ajay Uppili Arasanipalai , Qibin Hou

Tensor Attention extends traditional attention mechanisms by capturing high-order correlations across multiple modalities, addressing the limitations of classical matrix-based attention. Meanwhile, Rotary Position Embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Mingda Wan

Transformer is the backbone of modern NLP models. In this paper, we propose RealFormer, a simple and generic technique to create Residual Attention Layer Transformer networks that significantly outperform the canonical Transformer and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ruining He , Anirudh Ravula , Bhargav Kanagal , Joshua Ainslie

An important aspect subtending language understanding and production is the ability to independently encode positional and symbolic information of the words within a sentence. In Transformers, positional information is typically encoded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Felipe Urrutia , Jorge Salas , Alexander Kozachinskiy , Cristian Buc Calderon , Hector Pasten , Cristobal Rojas

Recently proposed fine-grained 3D visual grounding is an essential and challenging task, whose goal is to identify the 3D object referred by a natural language sentence from other distractive objects of the same category. Existing works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Dailan He , Yusheng Zhao , Junyu Luo , Tianrui Hui , Shaofei Huang , Aixi Zhang , Si Liu

Long-context large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements, driven by techniques like Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE) (Su et al., 2023) and its extensions (Chen et al., 2023; Liu et al., 2024c; Peng et al., 2023). By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Bowen Yang , Bharat Venkitesh , Dwarak Talupuru , Hangyu Lin , David Cairuz , Phil Blunsom , Acyr Locatelli

Transformer-based architectures have demonstrated remarkable success across various domains, but their deployment on edge devices remains challenging due to high memory and computational demands. In this paper, we introduce a novel Reuse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Seul-Ki Yeom , Tae-Ho Kim

Since self-attention layers in Transformers are permutation invariant by design, positional encodings must be explicitly incorporated to enable spatial understanding. However, fixed-size lookup tables used in traditional learnable position…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Huayang Li , Yahui Liu , Hongyu Sun , Deng Cai , Leyang Cui , Wei Bi , Peilin Zhao , Taro Watanabe

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Quentin Fournier , Gaétan Marceau Caron , Daniel Aloise

Large language models (LLMs) encounter computational challenges during long-sequence inference, especially in the attention pre-filling phase, where the complexity grows quadratically with the prompt length. Previous efforts to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Xunhao Lai , Jianqiao Lu , Yao Luo , Yiyuan Ma , Xun Zhou

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) excel in modeling complex language patterns but face significant computational costs during inference, especially with long inputs due to the attention mechanism's memory overhead. We observe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ruiqing Yan , Linghan Zheng , Xingbo Du , Han Zou , Yufeng Guo , Jianfei Yang

Transformer-based models have brought a radical change to neural machine translation. A key feature of the Transformer architecture is the so-called multi-head attention mechanism, which allows the model to focus simultaneously on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Alessandro Raganato , Yves Scherrer , Jörg Tiedemann

Position encoding recently has shown effective in the transformer architecture. It enables valuable supervision for dependency modeling between elements at different positions of the sequence. In this paper, we first investigate various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jianlin Su , Yu Lu , Shengfeng Pan , Ahmed Murtadha , Bo Wen , Yunfeng Liu

Transformers have recently shown superior performances on various vision tasks. The large, sometimes even global, receptive field endows Transformer models with higher representation power over their CNN counterparts. Nevertheless, simply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Zhuofan Xia , Xuran Pan , Shiji Song , Li Erran Li , Gao Huang
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