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Reasoning over long sequences of observations and actions is essential for many robotic tasks. Yet, learning effective long-context policies from demonstrations remains challenging. As context length increases, training becomes increasingly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Marcel Torne , Andy Tang , Yuejiang Liu , Chelsea Finn

We present a novel class incremental learning approach based on deep neural networks, which continually learns new tasks with limited memory for storing examples in the previous tasks. Our algorithm is based on knowledge distillation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Minsoo Kang , Jaeyoo Park , Bohyung Han

Continual learning (CL) enables models to adapt to evolving data streams without catastrophic forgetting, a fundamental requirement for real-world AI systems. However, the current methods often depend on large replay buffers or heavily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Indu Solomon , Aye Phyu Phyu Aung , Uttam Kumar , Senthilnath Jayavelu

As Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in diverse applications, faithfully integrating evolving factual knowledge into these models remains a critical challenge. Continued pre-training on paraphrased data has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mingkang Zhu , Xi Chen , Zhongdao Wang , Bei Yu , Hengshuang Zhao , Jiaya Jia

Continual Visual Instruction Tuning (CVIT) enables Multimodal Large Language Models to incrementally acquire new abilities. However, existing CVIT methods operate under a restrictive task-incremental setting, where each training phase…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chang Che , Ziqi Wang , Hui Ma , Cheems Wang , Zenglin Shi

Learning a set of tasks over time, also known as continual learning (CL), is one of the most challenging problems in artificial intelligence due to catastrophic forgetting. Large language models (LLMs) are often impractical to frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jaya Krishna Mandivarapu

Modern Neural Machine Translation systems exhibit strong performance in several different languages and are constantly improving. Their ability to learn continuously is, however, still severely limited by the catastrophic forgetting issue.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Michele Resta , Davide Bacciu

Enabling artificial intelligence systems, particularly large language models, to integrate new knowledge and flexibly apply it during reasoning remains a central challenge. Existing knowledge editing approaches emphasize atomic facts,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ya Gao , Kalle Kujanpää , Pekka Marttinen , Harri Valpola , Alexander Ilin

In this paper, we investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) actively recall or retrieve their internal repositories of factual knowledge when faced with reasoning tasks. Through an analysis of LLMs' internal factual recall at each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yifei Wang , Yuheng Chen , Wanting Wen , Yu Sheng , Linjing Li , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Continual learning (CL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm to enable large language models (LLMs) to dynamically adapt to evolving knowledge and sequential tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting-a critical limitation of the static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyang Chen , Zhongwu Sun , Hongfei Ye , Kunchi Li , Xuemin Lin

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is intended to improve their reasoning capabilities, yet we uncover a counterintuitive effect: models often forget how to solve problems they previously answered correctly during training. We term…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuetai Li , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Xiang Yue , Radha Poovendran

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved great success on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) over the past few years. Although the general language representation learned from large-scale corpora does benefit MRC, the poor support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Fangkai Jiao , Yangyang Guo , Yilin Niu , Feng Ji , Feng-Lin Li , Liqiang Nie

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to adapt a pretrained model to ever-changing environments during the test time under continuous domain shifts. Most existing CTTA approaches are based on the Mean Teacher (MT) structure, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Jiaxu Tian , Fan Lyu

Catastrophic forgetting is a significant challenge in continual learning, in which a model loses prior knowledge when it is fine-tuned on new tasks. This problem is particularly critical for large language models (LLMs) undergoing continual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ege Süalp , Mina Rezaei

While language models (LMs) can sometimes generate factually correct text and estimate truth values of individual claims, these generally do not reflect a globally coherent, manipulable model of the world. As a consequence, current LMs also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Afra Feyza Akyürek , Ekin Akyürek , Leshem Choshen , Derry Wijaya , Jacob Andreas

Modern language models have the capacity to store and use immense amounts of knowledge about real-world entities, but it remains unclear how to update such knowledge stored in model parameters. While prior methods for updating knowledge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shankar Padmanabhan , Yasumasa Onoe , Michael J. Q. Zhang , Greg Durrett , Eunsol Choi

Scenarios in which restrictions in data transfer and storage limit the possibility to compose a single dataset -- also exploiting different data sources -- to perform a batch-based training procedure, make the development of robust models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Lorenzo Pellegrini , Guido Borghi , Annalisa Franco , Davide Maltoni

In many real-world scenarios, data to train machine learning models becomes available over time. Unfortunately, these models struggle to continually learn new concepts without forgetting what has been learnt in the past. This phenomenon is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Beyza Ermis , Giovanni Zappella , Martin Wistuba , Aditya Rawal , Cedric Archambeau

Transformer-based language models (LMs) are known to capture factual knowledge in their parameters. While previous work looked into where factual associations are stored, only little is known about how they are retrieved internally during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Mor Geva , Jasmijn Bastings , Katja Filippova , Amir Globerson

Neural networks tend to gradually forget the previously learned knowledge when learning multiple tasks sequentially from dynamic data distributions. This problem is called \textit{catastrophic forgetting}, which is a fundamental challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Chenze Shao , Yang Feng