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The low-altitude economy (LAE) is a new economic paradigm that leverages low-altitude vehicles (LAVs) to perform diverse missions across diverse areas. To support the operations of LAE, it is essential to establish LAE networks that enable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Shizhao He , Jiacheng Wang , Ying-Chang Liang , Geng Sun , Dusit Niyato

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) optical satellite communication systems face performance challenges due to atmospheric effects such as scintillation, turbulence, wavefront distortion, beam spread, and jitter. This paper presents a comprehensive…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-29 Dhruv Shivkant , Shreyaans Jain , Rohit K Ramakrishnan

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are quickly gaining traction with promises of impressively low latency, high bandwidth, and global reach. However, the research community knows relatively little about their operation and performance…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Liz Izhikevich , Manda Tran , Katherine Izhikevich , Gautam Akiwate , Zakir Durumeric

5G and future cellular networks intend to incorporate low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems (SatCom) to solve the coverage and availability problems that cannot be addressed by satellite-based or ground-based infrastructure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Joan Palacios , Nuria Gonzalez-Prelcic , Carlos Mosquera , Takayuki Shimizu , Chang-Heng Wang

The Low Altitude Economy (LAE) network, with its transformative capabilities, is a candidate to become one of the major technological developments of the next decade for air mobility. However, the expected unprecedented density, mobility,…

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are increasingly essential for space-based artificial intelligence (AI) applications. However, as commercial use expands, LEO satellite networks face heightened cyberattack risks, especially through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Wenbo Wu , Cheng Tan , Kangcheng Yang , Zhishu Shen , Qiushi Zheng , Jiong Jin

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks have the potential to provide low-latency communication with global coverage. To unleash this potential, it is crucial to achieve efficient packet delivery. In this paper, we propose a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Hefan Zhang , Zhiyuan Wang , Shan Zhang , Qingkai Meng , Hongbin Luo

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are emerging as a key enabler of next-generation communications, offering global coverage and significantly lower latency compared to traditional terrestrial networks and geostationary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saud Althunibat , Khalid Qaraqe

Satellite image analysis has important implications for land use, urbanization, and ecosystem monitoring. Deep learning methods can facilitate the analysis of different satellite modalities, such as electro-optical (EO) and synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Marcel Hussing , Karen Li , Eric Eaton

With the deployment of satellite constellations, Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices in remote areas have gained access to low-cost network connectivity. In this paper, we investigate the performance of IoT devices connecting in up-link…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jiusi Zhou , Ruibo Wang , Basem Shihada , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Earth observation (EO) foundation models have emerged as an effective approach to derive latent representations of the Earth system from various remote sensing sensors. These models produce embeddings that can be used as analysis-ready…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Julia Peters , Karin Mora , Miguel D. Mahecha , Chaonan Ji , David Montero , Clemens Mosig , Guido Kraemer

Recently, mega-constellations with a massive number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are being considered as a possible solution for providing global coverage due to relatively low latency and high throughput compared to geosynchronous…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Dong-Hyun Jung , Gyeongrae Im , Joon-Gyu Ryu , Seungkeun Park , Heejung Yu , Junil Choi

This document surveys recent and current developments in LEO satellite networking. It presents a brief overview of satellite networking in order to contextualize the issue. It then focuses on current research work in emerging domains, such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Cedric Westphal , Lin Han , Richard Li

In this paper, we propose scalable distributed beamforming schemes over low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks that rely solely on statistical channel state information for downlink orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. We…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Yuchen Zhang , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Arctic regions, such as northern Canada, face significant challenges in achieving consistent connectivity and low-latency computing services due to the sparse coverage of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. To enhance service reliability in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Mohammed Almekhlafi , Antoine Lesage-Landry , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Satellite communications (SatComs) are anticipated to deliver global Internet access. Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites (SATs) offer the advantage of higher downlink capacity due to their reduced link budget compared to medium Earth orbit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-05 Weiting Lin , Yuchieh Wu , Borching Su

The growing availability of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, coupled with the anticipated widespread deployment of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), opens up promising prospects for new localization paradigms. This paper studies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Lei Wang , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Tarig Ballal , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellation satellite networks have shown great potential to extend the coverage capability of conventional terrestrial networks. How to systematically define, quantify, and assess the technical performance of…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yu Wang , Chuili Kong , Xian Meng , Hejia Luo , Ke-Xin Li , Jun Wang

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet of Things (IoT) has been identified as one of the important components of the sixth-generation (6G) non-terrestrial networks (NTN) to provide ubiquitous connectivity. Due to the low orbit altitude…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ming Ying , Xiaoming Chen , Qiao Qi , Zhaoyang Zhang

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Network (SatNet) with their mega-constellations are expected to play a key role in providing ubiquitous Internet and communications services in the future. LEO SatNets will provide wide-area coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Michel Bellemare , Guillaume Lamontagne