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Optical inter-satellite links (ISLs) are becoming the principal communication backbone in modern large-scale LEO constellations, offering multi-Gb/s capacity and near speed-of-light latency. However, the extreme sensitivity of optical beams…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Rula Ammuri , Mazen Hasna , Khalid Qaraqe

Future satellite networks are expected to have thousands of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites orbiting Earth at very high speeds. User equipment (UE) communicating directly with LEO satellites will experience frequent handovers. Managing the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Mohamed Hozayen , Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Recent advancements in low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites aim to bring resilience, ubiquitous, and high-quality service to future Internet infrastructure. However, the soaring number of space assets, increasing dynamics of LEO satellites and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Peng Hu

The extension of wide area wireless connectivity to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems demands a fresh look at the effects of in-orbit base stations, sky-to-ground propagation, and cell planning. A multi-beam LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, as a prominent technology in the 6G non-terrestrial network, offer both positioning and communication capabilities. While these two applications have each been extensively studied and have achieved…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

With the rapid expansion of low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, thousands of satellites are now in operation, many equipped with onboard GNSS receivers capable of continuous orbit determination and time synchronization. This development…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Xing Liu , Xue Xian Zheng , José A. López-Salcedo , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Gonzalo Seco-Granados

This article investigates the transmission delay of a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication system in a bent pipe structure. By employing a stochastic geometry framework, satellites are modeled as spherical binomial point processes…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Sixi Cheng , Xiang Ling

The rapid development of communication technologies in the past decades has provided immense vertical opportunities for individuals and enterprises. However, conventional terrestrial cellular networks have unfortunately neglected the huge…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Shicong Liu , Zhen Gao , Yongpeng Wu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Xiqi Gao , Kai-Kit Wong , Symeon Chatzinotas , Bjorn Ottersten

The availability of massive earth observing satellite data provide huge opportunities for land use and land cover mapping. However, such mapping effort is challenging due to the existence of various land cover classes, noisy data, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Rahul Ghosh , Praveen Ravirathinam , Xiaowei Jia , Chenxi Lin , Zhenong Jin , Vipin Kumar

Satellite communication by leveraging the use of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites is expected to play an essential role in future communication systems through providing ubiquitous and continuous wireless connectivity. This thus has…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jingwei Zhang , Dali Qin , Chuili Kong , Feiran Zhao , Rong Li , Jun Wang , Ye Wang

Satellite networks are playing an important role in realizing global seamless connectivity in beyond 5G and 6G wireless networks. In this paper, we develop a comprehensive analytical framework to assess the performance of hybrid…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-07 Houcem Ben Salem , Nour Kouzayha , Ammar EL Falou , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

This paper investigates joint device identification, channel estimation, and signal detection for LEO satellite-enabled grant-free random access, where a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) system with orthogonal time-frequency space…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Boxiao Shen , Yongpeng Wu , Wenjun Zhang , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Relying on the powerful communication capabilities and rapidly changing geometric configuration, the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have the potential to offer integrated communication and navigation (ICAN) services. However, the isolated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Jiajing Li , Binghong Liu , Mugen Peng

Modern Earth Observation (EO) missions generate massive volumes of imagery that challenge existing downlink and ground-processing capabilities, particularly for time-critical applications. This work investigates how a low Earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Beatriz Soret , Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Antonio Jurado-Navas , Nicolai D. Lyholm , Marco Moretti , Petar Popovski , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

In this paper, we consider downlink low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems where multiple LEO satellites are uniformly distributed over a sphere at a certain altitude according to a homogeneous binomial point process (BPP).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Dong-Hyun Jung , Joon-Gyu Ryu , Woo-Jin Byun , Junil Choi

With the increase in global positioning service demands and the requirement for more precise positioning, assisting existing medium and high orbit satellite-enabled positioning systems with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites has garnered…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Howard H. Yang , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are being extensively researched in the development of secure Internet of Remote Things (IoRT). In scenarios with miniaturized terminals, the limited transmission power and long transmission distance often…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-27 Pingyue Yue , Yixuan Li , Yue Li , Rui Zhang , Shuai Wang , Jianping An

In this paper, we explore the integration of communication and synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-based remote sensing in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems to provide real-time SAR imaging and information transmission. Considering the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yichao Xu , Xiaoming Chen , Ming Ying , Zhaoyang Zhang

The immense volume of data generated by Earth observation (EO) satellites presents significant challenges in transmitting it to Earth over rate-limited satellite-to-ground communication links. This paper presents an efficient downlink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Van-Phuc Bui , Shashi Raj Pandey , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Petar Popovski

This paper proposes a novel split learning architecture designed to exploit the cyclical movement of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). Although existing research focuses on offloading tasks to the NTN…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Marc Martinez-Gost , Ana Pérez-Neira