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Embodied cognition argues that intelligence arises from sensorimotor interaction rather than passive observation. It raises an intriguing question: do modern vision-language models (VLMs), trained largely in a disembodied manner, exhibit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Qineng Wang , Wenlong Huang , Yu Zhou , Hang Yin , Tianwei Bao , Jianwen Lyu , Weiyu Liu , Ruohan Zhang , Jiajun Wu , Li Fei-Fei , Manling Li

As discussed in previous studies, the efficacy of evolutionary or reinforcement learning algorithms for continuous control optimization can be enhanced by including a neural module dedicated to feature extraction trained through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Nicola Milano , Stefano Nolfi

Skill-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising strategy to leverage prior knowledge for accelerated robot learning. Skills are typically extracted from expert demonstrations and are embedded into a latent space from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Krishan Rana , Ming Xu , Brendan Tidd , Michael Milford , Niko Sünderhauf

A large body of compelling evidence has been accumulated demonstrating that embodiment - the agent's physical setup, including its shape, materials, sensors and actuators - is constitutive for any form of cognition and as a consequence,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Matej Hoffmann , Rolf Pfeifer

Reusable skills have become a core substrate for improving agent capabilities, yet most existing skill packages encode reusable behavior primarily as textual prompts, executable code, or learned routines. For visual agents, however,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kangning Zhang , Shuai Shao , Qingyao Li , Jianghao Lin , Lingyue Fu , Shijian Wang , Wenxiang Jiao , Yuan Lu , Weiwen Liu , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have helped facilitate exciting progress for robotic planning in real, open-world environments. 3D scene graphs (3DSGs) offer a promising environment representation for grounding such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Meghan Booker , Grayson Byrd , Bethany Kemp , Aurora Schmidt , Corban Rivera

While deep reinforcement learning (RL) promises freedom from hand-labeled data, great successes, especially for Embodied AI, require significant work to create supervision via carefully shaped rewards. Indeed, without shaped rewards, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Unnat Jain , Iou-Jen Liu , Svetlana Lazebnik , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Luca Weihs , Alexander Schwing

The EmbodiedQA is a task of training an embodied agent by intelligently navigating in a simulated environment and gathering visual information to answer questions. Existing approaches fail to explicitly model the mental imagery function of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Fei Wu , Yueting Zhuang

Symbolic planning can provide an intuitive interface for non-expert users to operate autonomous robots by abstracting away much of the low-level programming. However, symbolic planners assume that the initially provided abstract domain and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Julian Förster , Lionel Ott , Juan Nieto , Roland Siegwart , Jen Jen Chung

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in the hierarchical decomposition of complex tasks through semantic reasoning. However, their application in embodied systems faces challenges in ensuring reliable execution of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Ge Wang , Yiming Zhao , Zhixin Mai , Qing Zhao , Yao Guo , Zhen Li , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

Despite the significant advances in Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) observed in the last decade, the amount of training experience necessary to learn effective policies remains one of the primary concerns in both simulated and real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Manuel Serra Nunes , Atabak Dehban , Yiannis Demiris , José Santos-Victor

In the realm of computer vision and robotics, embodied agents are expected to explore their environment and carry out human instructions. This necessitates the ability to fully understand 3D scenes given their first-person observations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Tai Wang , Xiaohan Mao , Chenming Zhu , Runsen Xu , Ruiyuan Lyu , Peisen Li , Xiao Chen , Wenwei Zhang , Kai Chen , Tianfan Xue , Xihui Liu , Cewu Lu , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

The ability to autonomously explore and resolve tasks with minimal human guidance is crucial for the self-development of embodied intelligence. Although reinforcement learning methods can largely ease human effort, it's challenging to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Changxin Huang , Yanbin Chang , Junfan Lin , Junyang Liang , Runhao Zeng , Jianqiang Li

The performance of learned robot visuomotor policies is heavily dependent on the size and quality of the training dataset. Although large-scale robot and human datasets are increasingly available, embodiment gaps and mismatched action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yiqi Wang , Mrinal Verghese , Jeff Schneider

In this paper, we explore how we can build upon the data and models of Internet images and use them to adapt to robot vision without requiring any extra labels. We present a framework called Self-supervised Embodied Active Learning (SEAL).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Devendra Singh Chaplot , Murtaza Dalal , Saurabh Gupta , Jitendra Malik , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Autonomous agents, which perceive environments and take actions to achieve goals, have become increasingly feasible with the advancements in large language models (LLMs). However, current powerful agents often depend on sophisticated prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Xiaorui Wang , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

Progress in Embodied AI has made it possible for end-to-end-trained agents to navigate in photo-realistic environments with high-level reasoning and zero-shot or language-conditioned behavior, but benchmarks are still dominated by…

Current methods in training and benchmarking vision models exhibit an over-reliance on passive, curated datasets. Although models trained on these datasets have shown strong performance in a wide variety of tasks such as classification,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Xinran Liang , Anthony Han , Wilson Yan , Aditi Raghunathan , Pieter Abbeel

As Large Language Models (LLMs) move from curated training sets into open-ended real-world environments, a fundamental limitation emerges: static training cannot keep pace with continual deployment environment change. Scaling training-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minhua Lin , Hanqing Lu , Zhan Shi , Bing He , Rui Mao , Zhiwei Zhang , Zongyu Wu , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Zhenwei Dai , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang , Benoit Dumoulin , Jian Pei

Code efficiency is a fundamental aspect of software quality, yet how to harness large language models (LLMs) to optimize programs remains challenging. Prior approaches have sought for one-shot rewriting, retrieved exemplars, or prompt-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zimu Wang , Yuling Shi , Mengfan Li , Zijun Liu , Jie M. Zhang , Chengcheng Wan , Xiaodong Gu