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Advancements in foundation models (FMs) have led to a paradigm shift in machine learning. The rich, expressive feature representations from these pre-trained, large-scale FMs are leveraged for multiple downstream tasks, usually via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Jihye Choi , Jayaram Raghuram , Yixuan Li , Somesh Jha

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as autonomous agents for multi-step tasks. However, most existing frameworks fail to maintain a structured understanding of the task state, often relying on linear prompt concatenation or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ye Ye

Continual learning (CL) is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to evolving real-world demands, yet they are susceptible to catastrophic forgetting (CF). While traditional CF solutions rely on expensive data rehearsal, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Huanxuan Liao , Shizhu He , Yupu Hao , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Autoregressive sequence modeling stands as the cornerstone of modern Generative AI, powering results across diverse modalities ranging from text generation to image generation. However, a fundamental limitation of this paradigm is the rigid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yangyan Li

Relational databases underpin critical infrastructure across a wide range of domains, yet the design of generalizable pre-training strategies for learning from relational databases remains an open challenge due to task heterogeneity.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Quang Truong , Zhikai Chen , Mingxuan Ju , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang

The rapidly growing demand for high-quality data in Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified the need for scalable, reliable, and semantically rich data preparation pipelines. However, current practices remain dominated by ad-hoc…

Modern frameworks for training large foundation models (LFMs) employ dataloaders in a data-parallel manner, with each loader processing a disjoint subset of training data. When preparing data for LFM training that originates from multiple,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Juntao Zhao , Qi Lu , Wei Jia , Borui Wan , Lei Zuo , Junda Feng , Jianyu Jiang , Yangrui Chen , Shuaishuai Cao , Jialing He , Kaihua Jiang , Yuanzhe Hu , Shibiao Nong , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

Analysis of entire programs as a single unit, or whole-program analysis, involves propagation of large amounts of information through the control flow of the program. This is especially true for pointer analysis, where, unless significant…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anamitra Ghorui , Uday P. Khedker

Large language models have improved dialogue systems, but often process conversational turns in isolation, overlooking the event structures that guide natural interactions. Hence we introduce EventWeave, a framework that explicitly models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhengyi Zhao , Shubo Zhang , Yiming Du , Bin Liang , Baojun Wang , Zhongyang Li , Binyang Li , Kam-Fai Wong

Feature Transformation (FT) is a core data-centric AI task that improves feature space quality to advance downstream predictive performance. However, discovering effective transformations remains challenging due to the large space of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Xinyuan Wang , Kunpeng Liu , Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Yanjie Fu

Large-scale vision-language models (LVLMs) pretrained on massive image-text pairs have achieved remarkable success in visual representations. However, existing paradigms to transfer LVLMs to downstream tasks encounter two primary…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Chunjin Yang , Fanman Meng , Shuai Chen , Mingyu Liu , Runtong Zhang

Federated learning is a distributed learning paradigm in which multiple mobile clients train a global model while keeping data local. These mobile clients can have various available memory and network bandwidth. However, to achieve the best…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Dixi Yao

Agentic workflows in large language model systems integrate retrieval, reasoning, and memory, but existing frameworks suffer from scalability and reproducibility limitations due to fragmented data orchestration, serialization overhead, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arup Kumar Sarker , Mills Staylor , Aymen Alsaadi , Gregor von Laszewski , Shantenu Jha , Geoffrey Fox

Recent advances in unified multimodal models (UMMs) have enabled impressive progress in visual comprehension and generation. However, existing datasets and benchmarks focus primarily on single-turn interactions, failing to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Wei Chow , Jiachun Pan , Yongyuan Liang , Mingze Zhou , Xue Song , Liyu Jia , Saining Zhang , Siliang Tang , Juncheng Li , Fengda Zhang , Weijia Wu , Hanwang Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Recent deep learning (DL) models have moved beyond static network architectures to dynamic ones, handling data where the network structure changes every example, such as sequences of variable lengths, trees, and graphs. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Hao Zhang , Shizhen Xu , Graham Neubig , Wei Dai , Qirong Ho , Guangwen Yang , Eric P. Xing

While large-scale training data is fundamental for developing capable large language models (LLMs), strategically selecting high-quality data has emerged as a critical approach to enhance training efficiency and reduce computational costs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yang Yu , Kai Han , Hang Zhou , Yehui Tang , Kaiqi Huang , Yunhe Wang , Dacheng Tao

Modern federated networks, such as those comprised of wearable devices, mobile phones, or autonomous vehicles, generate massive amounts of data each day. This wealth of data can help to learn models that can improve the user experience on…

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for preserving client data ownership and control over distributed Internet of Things (IoT) environments. While discriminative models dominate most FL use cases, recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Usevalad Milasheuski , Piero Baraldi , Enrico Zio , Stefano Savazzi

Recently, Flow Matching models have pushed the boundaries of high-fidelity data generation across a wide range of domains. It typically employs a single large network to learn the entire generative trajectory from noise to data. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Dogyun Park , Taehoon Lee , Minseok Joo , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Although federated learning has achieved many breakthroughs recently, the heterogeneous nature of the learning environment greatly limits its performance and hinders its real-world applications. The heterogeneous data, time-varying wireless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Jingxin Li , Toktam Mahmoodi , Hak-Keung Lam