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Outlier detection is an important problem occurring in a wide range of areas. Outliers are the outcome of fraudulent behaviour, mechanical faults, human error, or simply natural deviations. Many data mining applications perform outlier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Juan A. Lara , David Lizcano , Víctor Rampérez , Javier Soriano

This work addresses image restoration tasks through the lens of inverse problems using unpaired datasets. In contrast to traditional approaches -- which typically assume full knowledge of the forward model or access to paired degraded and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Giacomo Meanti , Thomas Ryckeboer , Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal

The conventional approach to data-driven inversion framework is based on Gaussian statistics that presents serious difficulties, especially in the presence of outliers in the measurements. In this work, we present maximum likelihood…

Inverse problems are fundamental to science and engineering, where the goal is to infer an underlying signal or state from incomplete or noisy measurements. Recent approaches employ diffusion models as powerful implicit priors for such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Bilal Ahmed , Joseph G. Makin

Approximate joint diagonalization of a set of matrices provides a powerful framework for numerous statistical signal processing applications. For non-unitary joint diagonalization (NUJD) based on the least-squares (LS) criterion, outliers,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-14 Wenjuan Liu , Dazheng Feng , Bingnan Pei , Mengdao Xing , Xinhong Meng , Qianru Wei

Diffusion models (DMs) create samples from a data distribution by starting from random noise and iteratively solving a reverse-time ordinary differential equation (ODE). Because each step in the iterative solution requires an expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Eric Frankel , Sitan Chen , Jerry Li , Pang Wei Koh , Lillian J. Ratliff , Sewoong Oh

Solving ill-posed inverse problems requires powerful and flexible priors. We propose leveraging pretrained latent diffusion models for this task through a new training-free approach, termed Diffusion-regularized Wasserstein Gradient Flow…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-24 Tim Y. J. Wang , O. Deniz Akyildiz

Anomaly detection is to recognize samples that differ in some respect from the training observations. These samples which do not conform to the distribution of normal data are called outliers or anomalies. In real-world anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

A core data-centric learning challenge is the identification of training samples that are detrimental to model performance. Influence functions serve as a prominent tool for this task and offer a robust framework for assessing training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Anshuman Chhabra , Bo Li , Jian Chen , Prasant Mohapatra , Hongfu Liu

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse imaging problems. However, their practical deployment is hindered by the substantial computational cost of slow, multi-step sampling. Although Consistency…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Amirreza Tanevardi , Pooria Abbas Rad Moghadam , Seyed Mohammad Eshtehardian , Sajjad Amini , Babak Khalaj

Many modern datasets are collected automatically and are thus easily contaminated by outliers. This led to a regain of interest in robust estimation, including new notions of robustness such as robustness to adversarial contamination of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Pierre Alquier , Mathieu Gerber

We introduce a methodology for robust Bayesian estimation with robust divergence (e.g., density power divergence or {\gamma}-divergence), indexed by a single tuning parameter. It is well known that the posterior density induced by robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-04 Shouto Yonekura , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Vision-Language Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) (Rombach et al., 2022) provide powerful generative priors for inverse problems. However, existing LDM-based inverse solvers typically require a large number of neural function evaluations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Alessio Spagnoletti , Tim Y. J. Wang , Marcelo Pereyra , O. Deniz Akyildiz

Outlier detection refers to the identification of anomalous samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data and has been extensively studied and used in a variety of practical tasks. However, most unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Can Gao , Xiaofeng Tan , Jie Zhou , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

Diffusion models have emerged as a promising class of generative models that map noisy inputs to realistic images. More recently, they have been employed to generate solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs). However, they still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Amartya Mukherjee , Melissa M. Stadt , Lena Podina , Mohammad Kohandel , Jun Liu

Robust Bayesian inference using density power divergence (DPD) has emerged as a promising approach for handling outliers in statistical estimation. Although the DPD-based posterior offers theoretical guarantees of robustness, its practical…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-11 Naruki Sonobe , Tomotaka Momozaki , Tomoyuki Nakagawa

Diffusion models have gained significant attention for high-fidelity image generation. Our work investigates the potential of exploiting diffusion models for adversarial robustness in image classification and object detection. Adversarial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Mika Yagoda , Shady Abu-Hussein , Raja Giryes

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an important task in machine learning systems for ensuring their reliability and safety. Deep probabilistic generative models facilitate OOD detection by estimating the likelihood of a data sample.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jaemoo Choi , Changyeon Yoon , Jeongwoo Bae , Myungjoo Kang

Many inverse problems have to deal with complex, evolving and often not exactly known geometries, e.g. as domains of forward problems modeled by partial differential equations. This makes it desirable to use methods which are robust with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-13 Martin Burger , Ole Loseth Elvetun , Matthias Schlottbom

We present a latent diffusion-based differentiable inversion method (LD-DIM) for PDE-constrained inverse problems involving high-dimensional spatially distributed coefficients. LD-DIM couples a pretrained latent diffusion prior with an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Zihan Lin , QiZhi He