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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly influenced modern society, recently in particular through significant advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, high computational and storage demands of LLMs still limit their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Daniel Hendriks , Philipp Spitzer , Niklas Kühl , Gerhard Satzger

Enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to continuously improve from environmental interactions is a central challenge in post-training. While on-policy self-distillation offers a promising paradigm, existing methods predominantly treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuwei Zhang , Sha Li , Changlong Yu , Qin Lu , Shuowei Jin , Chengyu Dong , Haoran Liu , Ilgee Hong , Xintong Li , Zhenyu Shi , Bing Yin , Jingbo Shang

Diffusion-based large language models offer a non-autoregressive alternative for text generation, but enabling them to perform complex reasoning remains challenging. Reinforcement learning has recently emerged as an effective post-training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shaoan Xie , Lingjing Kong , Xiangchen Song , Xinshuai Dong , Guangyi Chen , Eric P. Xing , Kun Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in problem-solving by incorporating reasoning processes. However, this enhanced reasoning capability results in an increased number of output tokens during inference, leading to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jingxian Xu , Mengyu Zhou , Weichang Liu , Hanbing Liu , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Knowledge distillation (KD) is widely used for compressing a teacher model to reduce its inference cost and memory footprint, by training a smaller student model. However, current KD methods for auto-regressive sequence models suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Rishabh Agarwal , Nino Vieillard , Yongchao Zhou , Piotr Stanczyk , Sabela Ramos , Matthieu Geist , Olivier Bachem

Although large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved remarkable performance on various complex reasoning benchmarks, the academic community still lacks an in-depth understanding of base model training processes and data quality. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xiaoyu Tian , Sitong Zhao , Haotian Wang , Shuaiting Chen , Yiping Peng , Yunjie Ji , Han Zhao , Xiangang Li

Transformer-based reinforcement learning has emerged as a strong candidate for sequential control in residential energy management. In particular, the Decision Transformer can learn effective battery dispatch policies from historical data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Pascal Henrich , Jonas Sievers , Maximilian Beichter , Thomas Blank , Ralf Mikut , Veit Hagenmeyer

As the size of pre-trained speech recognition models increases, running these large models in low-latency or resource-constrained environments becomes challenging. In this work, we leverage pseudo-labelling to assemble a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Sanchit Gandhi , Patrick von Platen , Alexander M. Rush

Large Language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, where a LLM makes predictions for a given test input together with a few input-output pairs (demonstrations). Nevertheless, the inclusion of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Yichuan Li , Xiyao Ma , Sixing Lu , Kyumin Lee , Xiaohu Liu , Chenlei Guo

Reasoning is increasingly crucial for various tasks. While chain-of-thought prompting enables large language models to leverage reasoning effectively, harnessing the reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Guande Wu , Huan Song , Yawei Wang , Qiaojing Yan , Yijun Tian , Lin Lee Cheong , Panpan Xu

Training VideoLLMs for complex reasoning remains challenging due to sparse sequence level rewards and the lack of fine grained credit assignment over long, temporally grounded reasoning trajectories. While reinforcement learning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Hao Lin , Kunyang Lv , Xu Jiang , Jingqi Tian , Zhongjing Du , Jiayu Ding , Qiaoman Zhang , Hongbo Jin

Knowledge distillation has been shown to be a powerful model compression approach to facilitate the deployment of pre-trained language models in practice. This paper focuses on task-agnostic distillation. It produces a compact pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Chen Liang , Haoming Jiang , Zheng Li , Xianfeng Tang , Bin Yin , Tuo Zhao

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have exhibited promising performance in solving sequential decision-making problems. By imitating few-shot examples provided in the prompts (i.e., in-context learning), an LLM agent can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yuchen Xiao , Yanchao Sun , Mengda Xu , Udari Madhushani , Jared Vann , Deepeka Garg , Sumitra Ganesh

Continual learning enables large language models to adapt to evolving tasks without retraining from scratch, yet catastrophic forgetting remains a central obstacle. Among continual learning methods, regularization-based approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mingxu Zhang , Yuhan Li , Lujundong Li , Dazhong Shen , Hui Xiong , Ying Sun

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is increasingly adopted to transfer capabilities from large language models to smaller ones, offering significant improvements in efficiency and utility while often surpassing standard fine-tuning. Beyond…

Large language models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks, and distilling their reasoning capabilities into smaller models has shown promise. However, we uncover an interesting phenomenon, which we term the Small Model Learnability Gap:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuetai Li , Xiang Yue , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Knowledge distillation can lead to deploy-friendly networks against the plagued computational complexity problem, but previous methods neglect the feature hierarchy in detectors. Motivated by this, we propose a general framework for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Yangyang Qin , Hefei Ling , Zhenghai He , Yuxuan Shi , Lei Wu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a central paradigm for post-training LLM agents, yet its trajectory-level reward signal provides only coarse supervision for long-horizon interaction. On-Policy Self-Distillation (OPSD) complements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zhengxi Lu , Zhiyuan Yao , Zhuowen Han , Zi-Han Wang , Jinyang Wu , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Improving the performance of on-device audio classification models remains a challenge given the computational limits of the mobile environment. Many studies leverage knowledge distillation to boost predictive performance by transferring…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Kwanghee Choi , Martin Kersner , Jacob Morton , Buru Chang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adapted to proprietary and domain-specific corpora that contain sensitive information, creating a tension between formal privacy guarantees and efficient deployment through model compression.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Fatemeh Khadem , Sajad Mousavi , Yi Fang , Yuhong Liu