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On-policy distillation is a promising approach for transferring knowledge between language models, where a student learns from dense token-level signals along its own trajectories. This framework typically uses reverse KL divergence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Woogyeol Jin , Taywon Min , Yongjin Yang , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Yi Zhou , Dennis Wei , Nathalie Baracaldo , Kimin Lee

On-policy self-distillation has emerged as a promising paradigm for post-training language models, in which the model conditions on environment feedback to serve as its own teacher, providing dense token-level rewards without external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Guobin Shen , Lei Huang , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Jindong Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Xing Yu

Model compression is critical for deploying deep learning models on resource-constrained devices. We introduce a novel method enhancing knowledge distillation with integrated gradients (IG) as a data augmentation strategy. Our approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 David E. Hernandez , Jose Chang , Torbjörn E. M. Nordling

We introduce a novel approach to large language model (LLM) distillation by formulating it as a constrained reinforcement learning problem. While recent work has begun exploring the integration of task-specific rewards into distillation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Matthieu Zimmer , Xiaotong Ji , Tu Nguyen , Haitham Bou Ammar

Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) is difficult to scale to small language models due to instability in long-horizon tool interactions and limited model capacity. While reinforcement learning methods like group relative policy optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Qiyong Zhong , Mao Zheng , Mingyang Song , Xin Lin , Jie Sun , Houcheng Jiang , Xiang Wang , Junfeng Fang

On-policy self-distillation (self-OPD) densifies reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) by letting a policy teach itself under privileged context. We find that when this guidance spans the full response, all-token KL spends…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiaxuan Wang , Xuan Ouyang , Zhiyu Chen , Yulan Hu , Zheng Pan , Xin Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Advanced reasoning typically requires Chain-of-Thought prompting, which is accurate but incurs prohibitive latency and substantial test-time inference costs. The standard alternative, fine-tuning smaller models, often sacrifices…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Sanket Badhe , Deep Shah

The challenging environment of real-time data processing systems at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) strictly limits the computational complexity of algorithms that can be deployed. For deep learning models, this implies that only models…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-11-27 Ryan Liu , Abhijith Gandrakota , Jennifer Ngadiuba , Maria Spiropulu , Jean-Roch Vlimant

Large-scale language models have recently demonstrated impressive empirical performance. Nevertheless, the improved results are attained at the price of bigger models, more power consumption, and slower inference, which hinder their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Kevin J Liang , Weituo Hao , Dinghan Shen , Yufan Zhou , Weizhu Chen , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

Since the advent of reasoning-based large language models, many have found great success from distilling reasoning capabilities into student models. Such techniques have significantly bridged the gap between reasoning and standard LLMs on…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) still struggle with fine-grained visual understanding, where answers often depend on small but decisive evidence in the full image. We observe a regional-to-global perception gap: the same MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Qianhao Yuan , Jie Lou , Xing Yu , Hongyu Lin , Le Sun , Xianpei Han , Yaojie Lu

Knowledge distillation is an effective method for training small and efficient deep learning models. However, the efficacy of a single method can degenerate when transferring to other tasks, modalities, or even other architectures. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Self-supervised pretraining (SSP) has been recognized as a method to enhance prediction accuracy in various downstream tasks. However, its efficacy for DNA sequences remains somewhat constrained. This limitation stems primarily from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Tong Yu , Lei Cheng , Ruslan Khalitov , Erland Brandser Olsson , Zhirong Yang

Knowledge distillation from large language models (LLMs) assumes that the teacher's output distribution is a high-quality training signal. On reasoning tasks, this assumption is frequently violated. A model's intermediate representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ryan Brown , Chris Russell

In recent years, many explanation methods have been proposed to explain individual classifications of deep neural networks. However, how to leverage the created explanations to improve the learning process has been less explored. As the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Jindong Gu , Zhiliang Wu , Volker Tresp

Policy Distillation (PD) has become an effective method to improve deep reinforcement learning tasks. The core idea of PD is to distill policy knowledge from a teacher agent to a student agent. However, the teacher-student framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xinqiang Yu , Chuanguang Yang , Chengqing Yu , Libo Huang , Zhulin An , Yongjun Xu

Incremental language learning with pseudo-data can alleviate catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. However, to obtain better performance, former methods have higher demands for pseudo-data of the previous tasks. The performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Han Wang , Ruiliu Fu , Chengzhang Li , Xuejun Zhang , Jun Zhou , Yonghong Yan

Chain-of-thought (CoT) distillation aims to enhance small language models' (SLMs) reasoning by transferring multi-step reasoning capability from the larger teacher models. However, existing work underestimates rationale quality, focusing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jianzhi Yan , Le Liu , Youcheng Pan , Shiwei Chen , Yang Xiang , Buzhou Tang

Policy distillation in deep reinforcement learning provides an effective way to transfer control policies from a larger network to a smaller untrained network without a significant degradation in performance. However, policy distillation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Yuxiang Sun , Pooyan Fazli

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced their reasoning abilities, enabling increasingly complex tasks. However, these capabilities often diminish in smaller, more computationally efficient models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yong Zhang , Bingyuan Zhang , Zhitao Li , Ming Li , Ning Cheng , Minchuan Chen , Tao Wei , Jun Ma , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao
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