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Multi-agent navigation in unknown and cluttered environments has broad applications, yet remains fundamentally challenging. In particular, dense agent-agent and agent-obstacle reactive interactions can exacerbate the inherent competition…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Fenglan Wang , Xinguo Shu , Lei He , Lin Zhao

In Multiagent Path Finding (MAPF), the goal is to compute efficient, collision-free paths for multiple agents navigating a network from their sources to targets, minimizing the schedule's makespan-the total time until all agents reach their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Foivos Fioravantes , Dušan Knop , Nikolaos Melissinos , Michal Opler

LLM-based web agents show immense promise for information seeking, yet their effectiveness on long-horizon tasks is hindered by a fundamental trade-off in context management. Prevailing ReAct-based agents suffer from context saturation as…

Web agents have emerged as an effective paradigm for automating interactions with complex web environments, yet remain vulnerable to prompt injection attacks that embed malicious instructions into webpage content to induce unintended…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mengyao Du , Han Fang , Haokai Ma , Jiahao Chen , Kai Xu , Quanjun Yin , Ee-Chien Chang

We propose a goal-driven web navigation as a benchmark task for evaluating an agent with abilities to understand natural language and plan on partially observed environments. In this challenging task, an agent navigates through a website,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Rodrigo Nogueira , Kyunghyun Cho

Large language models (LLMs)-powered AI agents exhibit a high level of autonomy in addressing medical and healthcare challenges. With the ability to access various tools, they can operate within an open-ended action space. However, with the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jianing Qiu , Lin Li , Jiankai Sun , Hao Wei , Zhe Xu , Kyle Lam , Wu Yuan

Agent skills are increasingly used to extend LLM agents with task-specific instructions, executable scripts, and auxiliary resources. While improving reusability, this modular design also introduces a new supply-chain attack surface: a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaojun Jia , Jie Liao , Simeng Qin , Jindong Gu , Wenqi Ren , Xiaochun Cao , Yang Liu , Philip Torr

Large language model (LLM) agents are becoming competent at straightforward web tasks, such as opening an item page or submitting a form, but still struggle with objectives that require long horizon navigation, large scale information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Shiyu Chang , Yujia Bao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become foundational components in a wide range of applications, including natural language understanding and generation, embodied intelligence, and scientific discovery. As their computational requirements…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yunzhe Li , Jianan Wang , Hongzi Zhu , James Lin , Shan Chang , Minyi Guo

This paper studies a strategic security problem in networked control systems under stealthy false data injection attacks. The security problem is modeled as a bilateral cognitive security game between a defender and an adversary, each…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-05 Anh Tung Nguyen , Quanyan Zhu , André Teixeira

LLM-based autonomous agents often fail to execute complex web tasks that require dynamic interaction due to the inherent uncertainty and complexity of these environments. Existing LLM-based web agents typically rely on rigid,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Yao Zhang , Zijian Ma , Yunpu Ma , Zhen Han , Yu Wu , Volker Tresp

We propose an extension to the OWASP Multi-Agentic System (MAS) Threat Modeling Guide, translating recent anticipatory research in multi-agent security (MASEC) into practical guidance for addressing challenges unique to large language model…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Klaudia Krawiecka , Christian Schroeder de Witt

The current state of modern web interfaces, especially in regards to accessibility focused usage is extremely lacking. Traditional methods for web interaction, such as scripting languages and screen readers, often lack the flexibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Trisanth Srinivasan , Santosh Patapati

With the advancement of Large-Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVMs), agents have shown significant capabilities in various tasks, such as data analysis, gaming, or code generation. Recently, there has been a surge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Kihoon Son , Jinhyeon Kwon , DaEun Choi , Tae Soo Kim , Young-Ho Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Juho Kim

Recent knowledge graph (KG)-enhanced large language models (LLMs) move beyond purely textual knowledge augmentation by encoding retrieved subgraphs into continuous soft prompts via graph neural networks, introducing a graph-conditioned…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaoting Lyu , Yufei Han , Hangwei Qian , Haoyuan Yu , Xiang Ao , Bin Wang , Chenxu Wang , Xiaobo Ma , Wei Wang

Current AI agents create significant barriers for users by requiring extensive processing to understand web pages, making AI-assisted web interaction slow and expensive. This paper introduces webMCP (Web Machine Context & Procedure), a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 D. Perera

SQL injection remains a major threat to web applications, as existing defenses often fail against obfuscation and evolving attacks because of neglecting the request-response context. This paper presents a context-enriched SQL injection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Hao Yu , Hui Li , FengYuan Shi , Wenjie Yu , PinHan Ho , Zehua Wang , Bin Wang

Deep Research systems based on web agents have shown strong potential in solving complex information-seeking tasks, yet their search efficiency remains underexplored. We observe that many state-of-the-art open-source web agents rely on long…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junjie Wang , Zequn Xie , Dan Yang , Jie Feng , Yue Shen , Duolin Sun , Meixiu Long , Yihan Jiao , Zhehao Tan , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Recent work has embodied LLMs as agents, allowing them to access tools, perform actions, and interact with external content (e.g., emails or websites). However, external content introduces the risk of indirect prompt injection (IPI)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Qiusi Zhan , Zhixiang Liang , Zifan Ying , Daniel Kang

With the fast development of large language models (LLMs), LLM-driven Web Agents (Web Agents for short) have obtained tons of attention due to their superior capability where LLMs serve as the core part of making decisions like the human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Fangzhou Wu , Shutong Wu , Yulong Cao , Chaowei Xiao