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We consider the approximation of a class of dynamic partial differential equations (PDE) of second order in time by the physics-informed neural network (PINN) approach, and provide an error analysis of PINN for the wave equation, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Yanxia Qian , Yongchao Zhang , Yunqing Huang , Suchuan Dong

Physics-informed neural networks have attracted significant attention in scientific machine learning for their capability to solve forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations. However, the accuracy of PINN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shota Deguchi , Mitsuteru Asai

The residual loss in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) alters the simple recursive relation of layers in a feed-forward neural network by applying a differential operator, resulting in a loss landscape that is inherently different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Nima Hosseini Dashtbayaz , Ghazal Farhani , Boyu Wang , Charles X. Ling

This paper aims to provide a machine learning framework to simulate two-phase flow in porous media. The proposed algorithm is based on Physics-informed neural networks (PINN). A novel residual-based adaptive PINN is developed and compared…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-01 John M. Hanna , Jose V. Aguado , Sebastien Comas-Cardona , Ramzi Askri , Domenico Borzacchiello

Accurate reconstruction of magnetic fields in inaccessible regions is vital for many high-precision experiments in physics. Traditional methods, such as spherical harmonic expansion, often suffer from truncation errors that limit their…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-26 Haohan Yu , Zhanxu Hao , Bingzhi Li , Zejia Lu , Xiang Chen , Liang Li

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving physical systems described by partial differential equations (PDEs). However, their accuracy in dynamical systems, particularly those involving sharp…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Wei Wang , Tang Paai Wong , Haihui Ruan , Somdatta Goswami

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a novel AI-driven framework for integrating physical laws directly into neural network models, facilitating the solution of complex multiphysics problems in materials engineering. This study…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-14 Mohid Farooqi , Ingmar Bösing , Conrard G. Tetsassi Feugmo

Successfully training Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for highly nonlinear PDEs on complex 3D domains remains a challenging task. In this paper, PINNs are employed to solve the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations at…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Saakaar Bhatnagar , Andrew Comerford , Araz Banaeizadeh

We use Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to solve the discrete-time nonlinear observer state estimation problem. Integrated within a single-step exact observer linearization framework, the proposed PINN approach aims at learning a…

The accurate modelling of structural dynamics is crucial across numerous engineering applications, such as Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), seismic analysis, and vibration control. Often, these models originate from physics-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-10-31 Marcus Haywood-Alexander , Giacomo Arcieri , Antonios Kamariotis , Eleni Chatzi

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) combine deep learning with physical constraints for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), and are widely applied in fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and solid mechanics. However, PINN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xujia Chen , Xinyue Hu , Letian Chen , Daming Shi , Wenhui Fan

This study enhances the application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for modeling discontinuous solutions in both hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics. Conventional PINNs, trained with partial differential equation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-15 Jorge F. Urbán , José A. Pons

Digital twin technology, when combined with physics-informed machine learning with simulation results of Aspen, offers transformative capabilities for industrial process monitoring, control, and optimization. In this work, the proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Debadutta Patra , Ayush Bardhan Tripathy , Soumya Ranjan Sahu , Sucheta Panda

For decades, solutions to regional scale landslide prediction have mostly relied on data-driven models, by definition, disconnected from the physics of the failure mechanism. The success and spread of such tools came from the ability to…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Ashok Dahal , Luigi Lombardo

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) leverage neural-networks to find the solutions of partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained optimization problems with initial conditions and boundary conditions as soft constraints. These soft…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Rambod Mojgani , Maciej Balajewicz , Pedram Hassanzadeh

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are gaining attention for their ability to embed physical laws into deep learning models, which is particularly useful in structural engineering tasks with limited data. This paper aims to explore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Omer Jauhar Khan , Sudais Khan , Hafeez Anwar , Shahzeb Khan , Shams Ul Arifeen , Farman Ullah

In this paper, we propose a refinement strategy to the well-known Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) based on the concept of Optimal Transport (OT). Conventional black-box PINNs…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Vaishnav Tadiparthi , Raktim Bhattacharya

Recently, a class of machine learning methods called physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) has been proposed and gained prevalence in solving various scientific computing problems. This approach enables the solution of partial…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Chen Xu , Ba Trung Cao , Yong Yuan , Günther Meschke

Recently, physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have been explored extensively for solving various forward and inverse problems and facilitating querying applications in fluid mechanics applications. However, work on PINNs for unsteady…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-28 Rahul Sundar , Dipanjan Majumdar , Didier Lucor , Sunetra Sarkar

The present study investigates the dynamics of nonlocal beams by establishing a consistent stress-driven integral elastic using the Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) approach. Specifically, a PINN is developed to compute the first…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Baidehi Das , Raffaele Barretta , Marko Čanađija