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Despite the success of neural networks in computer vision tasks, digital 'neurons' are a very loose approximation of biological neurons. Today's learning approaches are designed to function on digital devices with digital data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Celyn Walters , Simon Hadfield

Small flying robots can perform landing maneuvers using bio-inspired optical flow by maintaining a constant divergence. However, optical flow is typically estimated from frame sequences recorded by standard miniature cameras. This requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Bas J. Pijnacker Hordijk , Kirk Y. W. Scheper , Guido C. H. E. de Croon

Fluidic iontronics is emerging as a distinctive platform for implementing neuromorphic circuits, characterized by its reliance on the same aqueous medium and ionic signal carriers as the brain. Drawing upon recent theoretical advancements…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-03 T. M. Kamsma , E. A. Rossing , C. Spitoni , R. van Roij

Similar to algorithms, which consume time and memory to run, hardware requires resources to function. For devices processing physical waves, implementing operations needs sufficient "space," as dictated by wave physics. How much space is…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-20 Yandong Li , Francesco Monticone

Event-based vision sensors produce asynchronous event streams with high temporal resolution based on changes in the visual scene. The properties of these sensors allow for accurate and fast calculation of optical flow as events are…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Daniel C. Stumpp , Himanshu Akolkar , Alan D. George , Ryad B. Benosman

Estimating continuous optical flow is a fundamental yet challenging problem in dynamic visual perception. Event-based cameras, with microsecond latency and high dynamic range, capture brightness changes asynchronously, offering a unique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Rui Hu , Song Wu , Wen Yang , Jinjian Wu

Event or Neuromorphic cameras are novel biologically inspired sensors that record data based on the change in light intensity at each pixel asynchronously. They have a temporal resolution of microseconds. This is useful for scenes with fast…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Harbir Antil , David Sayre

As the ubiquity of smart mobile devices continues to rise, Optical Camera Communication systems have gained more attention as a solution for efficient and private data streaming. This system utilizes optical cameras to receive data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Hang Su , Ling Gao , Tao Liu , Laurent Kneip

Spatiotemporal flows of neural activity, such as traveling waves, have been observed throughout the brain since the earliest recordings; yet there is still little consensus on their functional role. Recent experiments and models have linked…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-03 T. Anderson Keller , Lyle Muller , Terrence J. Sejnowski , Max Welling

With traditional computing technologies reaching their limit, a new field has emerged seeking to follow the example of the human brain into a new era: neuromorphic computing. This paper provides an introduction to neuromorphic computing,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Benedikt Jung , Maximilian Kalcher , Merlin Marinova , Piper Powell , Esma Sakalli

Optical flow techniques are becoming increasingly performant and robust when estimating motion in a scene, but their performance has yet to be proven in the area of facial expression recognition. In this work, a variety of optical flow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Benjamin Allaert , Isaac Ronald Ward , Ioan Marius Bilasco , Chaabane Djeraba , Mohammed Bennamoun

The increasing rise in machine learning and deep learning applications is requiring ever more computational resources to successfully meet the growing demands of an always-connected, automated world. Neuromorphic technologies based on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Philippe Reiter , Geet Rose Jose , Spyridon Bizmpikis , Ionela-Ancuţa Cîrjilă

Occlusions between consecutive frames have long posed a significant challenge in optical flow estimation. The inherent ambiguity introduced by occlusions directly violates the brightness constancy constraint and considerably hinders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Shangkun Sun , Jiaming Liu , Thomas H. Li , Huaxia Li , Guoqing Liu , Wei Gao

Aerial surveillance demands rapid and precise detection of moving objects in dynamic environments. Event cameras, which draw inspiration from biological vision systems, present a promising alternative to frame-based sensors due to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Sami Arja , Alexandre Marcireau , Saeed Afshar , Bharath Ramesh , Gregory Cohen

We address the problem of joint optical flow and camera motion estimation in rigid scenes by incorporating geometric constraints into an unsupervised deep learning framework. Unlike existing approaches which rely on brightness constancy and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Shihao Jiang , Dylan Campbell , Miaomiao Liu , Stephen Gould , Richard Hartley

In the last years, materializations of neuromorphic circuits based on nanophotonic arrangements have been proposed, which contain complete optical circuits, laser, photodetectors, photonic crystals, optical fibers, flat waveguides, and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Konstantinos Demertzis , Georgios Papadopoulos , Lazaros Iliadis , Lykourgos Magafas

State-of-the-art scene flow algorithms pursue the conflicting targets of accuracy, run time, and robustness. With the successful concept of pixel-wise matching and sparse-to-dense interpolation, we push the limits of scene flow estimation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-30 René Schuster , Oliver Wasenmüller , Christian Unger , Georg Kuschk , Didier Stricker

Traditional approaches for analyzing RGB frames are capable of providing a fine-grained understanding of a face from different angles by inferring emotions, poses, shapes, landmarks. However, when it comes to subtle movements standard RGB…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Federico Becattini , Luca Cultrera , Lorenzo Berlincioni , Claudio Ferrari , Andrea Leonardo , Alberto Del Bimbo

Scene flow estimation is a crucial component in the development of autonomous driving and 3D robotics, providing valuable information for environment perception and navigation. Despite the advantages of learning-based scene flow estimation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Rahul Ahuja , Chris Baker , Wilko Schwarting

Many animals meander in environments and avoid collisions. How the underlying neuronal machinery can yield robust behaviour in a variety of environments remains unclear. In the fly brain, motion-sensitive neurons indicate the presence of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Thorben Schoepe , Ella Janotte , Moritz B. Milde , Olivier J. N. Bertrand , Martin Egelhaaf , Elisabetta Chicca