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Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) integrates communication and model aggregation by exploiting the innate superposition property of wireless channels. The approach renders bandwidth efficient learning, but requires care in handling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

We consider federated edge learning (FEEL) among mobile devices that harvest the required energy from their surroundings, and share their updates with the parameter server (PS) through a shared wireless channel. In particular, we consider…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Ozan Aygün , Mohammad Kazemi , Deniz Gündüz , Tolga M. Duman

In 6G wireless networks, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven applications demand the adoption of Federated Learning (FL) to enable efficient and privacy-preserving model training across distributed devices. Over-The-Air Federated Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zubair Shaban , Nazreen Shah , Ranjitha Prasad

We study over-the-air (OTA) federated learning (FL) for energy harvesting devices with heterogeneous data distribution over wireless fading multiple access channel (MAC). To address the impact of low energy arrivals and data heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Furkan Bagci , Busra Tegin , Mohammad Kazemi , Tolga M. Duman

Federated edge learning (FEEL) enables distributed model training across wireless devices without centralising raw data, but deployment is constrained by the wireless uplink. A promising direction is over-the-air (OTA) aggregation, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Antonio Tarizzo , Mohammad Kazemi , Deniz Gündüz

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) unifies communication and model aggregation by leveraging the inherent superposition property of the wireless medium. This strategy can enable scalable and bandwidth-efficient learning via…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

Federated edge learning (FEEL) enables wireless devices to collaboratively train a centralised model without sharing raw data, but repeated uplink transmission of model updates makes communication the dominant bottleneck. Over-the-air (OTA)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Antonio Tarizzo , Mohammad Kazemi , Deniz Gündüz

Federated learning (FL) is a framework for distributed learning of centralized models. In FL, a set of edge devices train a model using their local data, while repeatedly exchanging their trained updates with a central server. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Tomer Sery , Nir Shlezinger , Kobi Cohen , Yonina C. Eldar

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) exploits the inherent superposition property of wireless channels to integrate the communication and model aggregation. Though a naturally promising framework for wireless federated learning, it…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising framework for distributed learning, enabling collaborative model training without sharing private data. Existing wireless FL works primarily adopt two communication strategies: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi

Over-the-Air Federated Learning (OTA-FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed learning mechanism, by aggregating updates in the electromagnetic channel rather than at the server. A critical research gap in existing OTA-FL research is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jinsheng Yuan , Zhuangkun Wei , Weisi Guo

Over-the-air (OTA) federated learning (FL) has been well recognized as a scalable paradigm that exploits the waveform superposition of the wireless multiple-access channel to aggregate model updates in a single use. Existing OTA-FL designs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi

Over-the-air federated edge learning (Air-FEEL) is a communication-efficient framework for distributed machine learning using training data distributed at edge devices. This framework enables all edge devices to transmit model updates…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yuding Liu , Dongzhu Liu , Guangxu Zhu , Qingjiang Shi , Caijun Zhong

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) offers an exciting new direction over classical FL by averaging model weights using the physics of analog signal propagation. Since each participant broadcasts its model weights concurrently in time…

This paper considers over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL). OTA-FL exploits the superposition property of the wireless medium, and performs model aggregation over the air for free. Thus, it can greatly reduce the communication cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Haibo Yang , Peiwen Qiu , Jia Liu , Aylin Yener

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm for training models across multiple edge devices holding local data sets, without explicitly exchanging the data. Recently, over-the-air (OTA) FL has been suggested to reduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-31 Tomer Gafni , Kobi Cohen , Yonina C. Eldar

In this paper, we develop an orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM)-based over-the-air (OTA) aggregation solution for wireless federated learning (FL). In particular, the local gradients in massive IoT devices are modulated by an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-28 Huayan Guo , Yifan Zhu , Haoyu Ma , Vincent K. N. Lau , Kaibin Huang , Xiaofan Li , Huabin Nong , Mingyu Zhou

Recently, Over-the-Air (OTA) computation has emerged as a promising federated learning (FL) paradigm that leverages the waveform superposition properties of the wireless channel to realize fast model updates. Prior work focused on the OTA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi

Distributed machine learning (ML) over wireless networks hinges on accurate channel state information (CSI) and efficient exchange of high-dimensional model updates. These demands are governed by channel coherence time and bandwidth, which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mehdi Karbalayghareh , David J. Love , Christopher G. Brinton

Over-the-air federated edge learning (Air-FEEL) is a communication-efficient solution for privacy-preserving distributed learning over wireless networks. Air-FEEL allows "one-shot" over-the-air aggregation of gradient/model-updates by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Xiaowen Cao , Guangxu Zhu , Jie Xu , Shuguang Cui
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