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Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models faces severe statistical heterogeneity. However, existing model-level defenses often overlook the root cause: intrinsic data distribution mismatches. In this work, we first establish Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ziheng Ren , Zhanming Shen , Hao Wang , Ning Liu , You Song

Knowledge distillation~(KD) has been proved effective for compressing large-scale pre-trained language models. However, existing methods conduct KD statically, e.g., the student model aligns its output distribution to that of a selected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Lei Li , Yankai Lin , Shuhuai Ren , Peng Li , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

In natural language processing (NLP) tasks, slow inference speed and huge footprints in GPU usage remain the bottleneck of applying pre-trained deep models in production. As a popular method for model compression, knowledge distillation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Fei Yuan , Linjun Shou , Jian Pei , Wutao Lin , Ming Gong , Yan Fu , Daxin Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in text-to-SQL, which involves translating natural language questions into SQL queries. However, current text-to-SQL LLMs are computationally expensive and challenging to deploy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Qihuang Zhong , Kunfeng Chen , Liang Ding , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Speech Large Language Models (LLMs) that understand and follow instructions in many languages are useful for real-world interaction, but are difficult to train with supervised fine-tuning, requiring large, task-specific speech corpora.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shreyas Gopal , Donghang Wu , Ashutosh Anshul , Yeo Yue Heng , Yizhou Peng , Haoyang Li , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Large-scale contrastive learning models can learn very informative sentence embeddings, but are hard to serve online due to the huge model size. Therefore, they often play the role of "teacher", transferring abilities to small "student"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Jue Wang , Liangjun Zang , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

This study proposes a method for knowledge distillation (KD) of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) into smaller, more efficient, and accurate neural networks. We specifically target the challenge of deploying these models on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Ehsan Latif , Luyang Fang , Ping Ma , Xiaoming Zhai

Federated learning enables the creation of a powerful centralized model without compromising data privacy of multiple participants. While successful, it does not incorporate the case where each participant independently designs its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Daliang Li , Junpu Wang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the capabilities of artificial intelligence across various domains. However, their massive scale and high computational costs render them unsuitable for direct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Miao Rang , Zhenni Bi , Hang Zhou , Hanting Chen , An Xiao , Tianyu Guo , Kai Han , Xinghao Chen , Yunhe Wang

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to execute complex instructions is essential for their real-world applications. However, several recent studies indicate that LLMs struggle with challenging instructions. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Julian Katz-Samuels , Zheng Li , Hyokun Yun , Priyanka Nigam , Yi Xu , Vaclav Petricek , Bing Yin , Trishul Chilimbi

It has been recently demonstrated that multi-generational self-distillation can improve generalization. Despite this intriguing observation, reasons for the enhancement remain poorly understood. In this paper, we first demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Zhilu Zhang , Mert R. Sabuncu

Pre-training a large transformer model on a massive amount of unlabeled data and fine-tuning it on labeled datasets for diverse downstream tasks has proven to be a successful strategy, for a variety of vision and natural language processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Seanie Lee , Minki Kang , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Kenji Kawaguchi

While diffusion models effectively generate remarkable synthetic images, a key limitation is the inference inefficiency, requiring numerous sampling steps. To accelerate inference and maintain high-quality synthesis, teacher-student…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Chi Hong , Jiyue Huang , Robert Birke , Dick Epema , Stefanie Roos , Lydia Y. Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various NLP tasks. However, their computational costs are prohibitively high. To address this issue, previous research has attempted to distill the knowledge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chengyuan Liu , Yangyang Kang , Fubang Zhao , Kun Kuang , Zhuoren Jiang , Changlong Sun , Fei Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in both automatic speech recognition (ASR) and text-to-speech (TTS) systems, gradually becoming the mainstream approach. However, most current approaches address these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Wenhao Guan , Zhikang Niu , Ziyue Jiang , Kaidi Wang , Peijie Chen , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li , Xie Chen

Knowledge distillation from large language models (LLMs) assumes that the teacher's output distribution is a high-quality training signal. On reasoning tasks, this assumption is frequently violated. A model's intermediate representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ryan Brown , Chris Russell

Diffusion models (DMs) produce high-quality images, yet their sampling remains costly when adapted to new domains. Distilled DMs are faster but typically remain confined within their teacher's domain. Thus, fast and high-quality generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yara Bahram , Mélodie Desbos , Mohammadhadi Shateri , Eric Granger

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in recent natural language processing (NLP) tasks, their deployment poses substantial challenges due to high computational and memory demands in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chenglin Li , Qianglong Chen , Liangyue Li , Caiyu Wang , Yicheng Li , Zulong Chen , Yin Zhang

Knowledge Distillation is crucial for optimizing face recognition models for deployment in computationally limited settings, such as edge devices. Traditional KD methods, such as Raw L2 Feature Distillation or Feature Consistency loss,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Durgesh Mishra , Rishabh Uikey

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit uneven performance across languages, a problem that is often exacerbated when the model size is reduced. While Knowledge distillation (KD) demonstrates promising results in transferring knowledge from…