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Strong semantic representations improve the convergence and generation quality of diffusion and flow models. Existing approaches largely rely on external models, which require separate training, operate on misaligned objectives, and exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hila Chefer , Patrick Esser , Dominik Lorenz , Dustin Podell , Vikash Raja , Vinh Tong , Antonio Torralba , Robin Rombach

Deep Metric Learning (DML) provides a crucial tool for visual similarity and zero-shot applications by learning generalizing embedding spaces, although recent work in DML has shown strong performance saturation across training objectives.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Karsten Roth , Timo Milbich , Björn Ommer , Joseph Paul Cohen , Marzyeh Ghassemi

We aim to identify how different components in the KD pipeline affect the resulting performance and how much the optimal KD pipeline varies across different datasets/tasks, such as the data augmentation policy, the loss function, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Haoyu He , Xingjian Shi , Jonas Mueller , Zha Sheng , Mu Li , George Karypis

Model collaboration -- systems where multiple language models (LMs) collaborate -- combines the strengths of diverse models with cost in loading multiple LMs. We improve efficiency while preserving the strengths of collaboration by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shangbin Feng , Kishan Panaganti , Yulia Tsvetkov , Wenhao Yu

Reasoning-centric large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating intermediate reasoning trajectories, but often incur excessive token usage and high inference-time decoding cost. We observe that, when solving the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Han Yang , Mingyan Wu , Bailan He , Zeyu Cao , Sikuan Yan , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Zifeng Ding

Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text representative of diverse sub-populations is essential, particularly when key concepts related to under-represented groups are scarce in the training data. We address this challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

In the past year, distillation has seen a renewed prominence in large language model (LLM) pretraining, exemplified by the Llama-3.2 and Gemma model families. While distillation has historically been shown to improve statistical modeling,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sachin Goyal , David Lopez-Paz , Kartik Ahuja

Large language models provide rich semantic priors and strong reasoning capabilities, making them promising auxiliary signals for recommendation. However, prevailing approaches either deploy LLMs as standalone recommender or apply global…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Shanglin Yang , Zhan Shi

Latent diffusion models (LDM) have revolutionized text-to-image generation, leading to the proliferation of various advanced models and diverse downstream applications. However, despite these significant advancements, current diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Jiacheng Zhang , Jie Wu , Yuxi Ren , Xin Xia , Huafeng Kuang , Pan Xie , Jiashi Li , Xuefeng Xiao , Weilin Huang , Shilei Wen , Lean Fu , Guanbin Li

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) were designed to combine the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) with the generation capability of vision models. In practice, however, this synergy remains elusive: UMMs fail to transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Songlin Yang , Xianghao Kong , Anyi Rao

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a key technique for compressing large language models into smaller ones while preserving performance. Despite the recent traction of KD research, its effectiveness for smaller language models (LMs) and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Suhas Kamasetty Ramesh , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Reasoning distillation aims to transfer multi-step reasoning capabilities from large language models to smaller, more efficient ones. While recent methods have shown promising gains, they typically rely on static teacher-student hierarchies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Khouloud Saadi , Di Wang

Small language models (SLMs) are crucial for applications with strict latency and computational constraints, yet achieving high performance remains challenging. Knowledge distillation (KD) can transfer capabilities from large teacher…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jingyu Peng , Maolin Wang , Hengyi Cai , Yuchen Li , Kai Zhang , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xiangyu Zhao

The prevailing approach to distilling reasoning from Large Language Models (LLMs)-behavioral cloning from textual rationales-is fundamentally limited. It teaches Small Language Models (SLMs) to mimic surface-level patterns rather than the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xiangyu Wen , Junhua Huang , Zeju Li , Min Li , Jianyuan Zhong , Zhijian Xu , Mingxuan Yuan , Yongxiang Huang , Qiang Xu

Enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to continuously improve from environmental interactions is a central challenge in post-training. While on-policy self-distillation offers a promising paradigm, existing methods predominantly treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuwei Zhang , Sha Li , Changlong Yu , Qin Lu , Shuowei Jin , Chengyu Dong , Haoran Liu , Ilgee Hong , Xintong Li , Zhenyu Shi , Bing Yin , Jingbo Shang

Distilling reasoning paths from teacher to student models via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) provides a shortcut for improving the reasoning ability of smaller Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the reasoning paths generated by teacher…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Yunchang Zhu , Jia Gu , Zihao Wei , Jingcheng Deng , Feiyang Pan , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Distillation has shown remarkable success in transferring knowledge from a Large Language Model (LLM) teacher to a student LLM. However, current distillation methods require similar tokenizers between the teacher and the student,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Benjamin Minixhofer , Ivan Vulić , Edoardo Maria Ponti

Recent advances in deep learning have facilitated the demand of neural models for real applications. In practice, these applications often need to be deployed with limited resources while keeping high accuracy. This paper touches the core…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Bonggun Shin , Hao Yang , Jinho D. Choi

Recently, research efforts have been concentrated on revealing how pre-trained model makes a difference in neural network performance. Self-supervision and semi-supervised learning technologies have been extensively explored by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Cheng Cui , Ruoyu Guo , Yuning Du , Dongliang He , Fu Li , Zewu Wu , Qiwen Liu , Shilei Wen , Jizhou Huang , Xiaoguang Hu , Dianhai Yu , Errui Ding , Yanjun Ma

LLM unlearning is a technique to remove the impacts of undesirable knowledge from the model without retraining from scratch, which is indispensable towards trustworthy AI. Existing unlearning methods face significant limitations:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yisheng Zhong , Zhengbang Yang , Zhuangdi Zhu