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Recent generative learning models applied to protein multiple sequence alignment (MSA) datasets include simple and interpretable physics-based Potts covariation models and other machine learning models such as MSA-Transformer (MSA-T). The…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Kisan Khatri , Ronald M. Levy , Allan Haldane

The central object of this PhD thesis is known under different names in the fields of computer science and statistical mechanics. In computer science, it is called the Maximum Cut problem, one of the famous twenty-one Karp's original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Mikhail Krechetov

The Ising model provides a natural mapping for many computationally hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Consequently, dynamical system-inspired computing models and hardware platforms that minimize the Ising Hamiltonian, have…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Mohammad Khairul Bashar , Nikhil Shukla

The multicanonical method has been proven powerful for statistical investigations of lattice and off-lattice systems throughout the last two decades. We discuss an intuitive but very efficient parallel implementation of this algorithm and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-12-11 Johannes Zierenberg , Martin Marenz , Wolfhard Janke

Few-shot segmentation is challenging because objects within the support and query images could significantly differ in appearance and pose. Using a single prototype acquired directly from the support image to segment the query image causes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Boyu Yang , Chang Liu , Bohao Li , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

Ising machines -- special-purpose hardware for heuristically solving Ising optimization problems -- based on probabilistic bits (p-bits) have been established as a promising alternative to heuristic optimization algorithms run on…

Quantum or quantum-inspired Ising machines have recently shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems in a short time. Real-world applications, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) scheduling for wireless multi-hop…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Yohei Hamakawa , Tomoya Kashimata , Masaya Yamasaki , Kosuke Tatsumura

Ising machines are next-generation computers expected to efficiently sample near-optimal solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. Combinatorial optimization problems are modeled as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Kentaro Ohno , Nozomu Togawa

This paper presents a novel meta algorithm, Partition-Merge (PM), which takes existing centralized algorithms for graph computation and makes them distributed and faster. In a nutshell, PM divides the graph into small subgraphs using our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-25 Vincent Blondel , Kyomin Jung , Pushmeet Kohli , Devavrat Shah

Combinatorial optimization problems are crucial in industry. However, many COPs are NP-hard, causing the search space to grow exponentially with problem size and rendering large-scale instances computationally intractable. Conventional…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Eiji Kawase , Shuta Kikuchi , Hideaki Tamai , Shu Tanaka

We propose a data-driven heuristic for NP-hard Ising and Max-Cut optimization that learns the update rule of an iterative dynamical system. The method learns a shared, node-wise update rule that maps local interaction fields to spin…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sam Reifenstein , Timothee Leleu

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the transformative potential of additive manufacturing (AM) since it allows for producing highly customizable and complex components while reducing lead times and costs. The rise of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Benedikt Zipfel , Felix Tamke , Leopold Kuttner

We study graphical representations for two related models. The first model is the transverse field quantum Ising model, an extension of the original Ising model which was introduced by Lieb, Schultz and Mattis in the 1960's. The second…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-11-12 Jakob E. Björnberg

Coherent Ising Machines (CIMs) have emerged as a hybrid form of quantum computing devices designed to solve NP-complete problems, offering an exciting opportunity for discovering optimal solutions. Despite challenges such as susceptibility…

Programmable matter (PM) is a form of matter capable of dynamically altering its physical properties, such as shape or density, through programmable means. From a robotics perspective, PM can be realized as a distributed system consisting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yonghwan Kim , Yoshiaki Katayama , Koichi Wada

Minimizing both the worst-case and average execution times of optimization algorithms is equally critical in real-time optimization-based control applications such as model predictive control (MPC). Most MPC solvers have to trade off…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Liang Wu , Yunhong Che , Richard D. Braatz , Jan Drgona

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has gained widespread popularity in recent years due to its ability to increase data rates, improve signal quality, and provide better coverage in challenging environments. In this paper, we…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yuhong Huang , Wenxin Li , Chengkang Pan , Shuai Hou , Xian Lu , Chunfeng Cui , Jingwei Wen , Jiaqi Xu , Chongyu Cao , Yin Ma , Hai Wei , Kai Wen

Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs) and probabilistic bit (p-bit)-based computing platforms have emerged as promising paradigms for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems. Although traditionally viewed as distinct approaches,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 E. M. Hasantha Ekanayake , Nikhat Khan , Nikhil Shukla

Analog Ising machines are dedicated hardware solvers designed to solve NP hard optimization problems. However, the global optimum is often not found as the system gets stuck in local minima. While several strategies exist to increase the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Leen Mys , Guy Verschaffelt , Guy Van der Sande

Training machine learning (ML) algorithms is a computationally intensive process, which is frequently memory-bound due to repeatedly accessing large training datasets. As a result, processor-centric systems (e.g., CPU, GPU) suffer from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Juan Gómez-Luna , Yuxin Guo , Sylvan Brocard , Julien Legriel , Remy Cimadomo , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Gagandeep Singh , Onur Mutlu